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We study contextual chance-constrained programming under decision-dependent uncertainty. In this setting, a decision not only needs to satisfy constraints but also alters the distribution of uncertain outcomes. This dependency makes the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Xiangting Liu , Shengran Wang , Kaile Yan , Zhi-Hai Zhang

Recommending the best course of action for an individual is a major application of individual-level causal effect estimation. This application is often needed in safety-critical domains such as healthcare, where estimating and communicating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Andrew Jesson , Sören Mindermann , Uri Shalit , Yarin Gal

Modern neural networks have found to be miscalibrated in terms of confidence calibration, i.e., their predicted confidence scores do not reflect the observed accuracy or precision. Recent work has introduced methods for post-hoc confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Fabian Küppers , Jan Kronenberger , Jonas Schneider , Anselm Haselhoff

Varying domains and biased datasets can lead to differences between the training and the target distributions, known as covariate shift. Current approaches for alleviating this often rely on estimating the ratio of training and target…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-27 Bijan Mazaheri , Siddharth Jain , Jehoshua Bruck

Through the Bayesian lens of data assimilation, uncertainty on model parameters is traditionally quantified through the posterior covariance matrix. However, in modern settings involving high-dimensional and computationally expensive…

Computation · Statistics 2023-11-16 Michael Stanley , Mikael Kuusela , Brendan Byrne , Junjie Liu

Reliable uncertainty quantification in deep neural networks is very crucial in safety-critical applications such as automated driving for trustworthy and informed decision-making. Assessing the quality of uncertainty estimates is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Neslihan Kose , Ranganath Krishnan , Akash Dhamasia , Omesh Tickoo , Michael Paulitsch

We provide a general solution to a fundamental open problem in Bayesian inference, namely poor uncertainty quantification, from a frequency standpoint, of Bayesian methods in misspecified models. While existing solutions are based on…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-14 David T. Frazier , Robert Kohn , Christopher Drovandi , David Gunawan

Bayesian optimization is a coherent, ubiquitous approach to decision-making under uncertainty, with applications including multi-arm bandits, active learning, and black-box optimization. Bayesian optimization selects decisions (i.e.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Samuel Stanton , Wesley Maddox , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Uncertainty sampling is a prevalent active learning algorithm that queries sequentially the annotations of data samples which the current prediction model is uncertain about. However, the usage of uncertainty sampling has been largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Shang Liu , Xiaocheng Li

We consider variable selection in high-dimensional linear models where the number of covariates greatly exceeds the sample size. We introduce the new concept of partial faithfulness and use it to infer associations between the covariates…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-01-12 Peter Bühlmann , Markus Kalisch , Marloes H. Maathuis

Generalization under distribution shift remains a core challenge in modern machine learning, yet existing learning bound theory is limited to narrow, idealized settings and is non-estimable from samples. In this paper, we bridge the gap…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-25 Hongbo Chen , Li Charlie Xia

We address the problem of uncertainty calibration. While standard deep neural networks typically yield uncalibrated predictions, calibrated confidence scores that are representative of the true likelihood of a prediction can be achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Christian Tomani , Sebastian Gruber , Muhammed Ebrar Erdem , Daniel Cremers , Florian Buettner

We present machine learning estimators for causal and predictive parameters under covariate shift, where covariate distributions differ between training and target populations. One such parameter is the average effect of a policy that…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-23 Victor Chernozhukov , Michael Newey , Whitney K Newey , Rahul Singh , Vasilis Syrgkanis

The uncertainty quantification of sensor measurements coupled with deep learning networks is crucial for many robotics systems, especially for safety-critical applications such as self-driving cars. This paper develops an uncertainty…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Qiyuan Wu , Mark Campbell

Recent work due to Goel et al. gave the first efficient algorithms for learning with distribution shift in the challenging PQ framework. In this setting, a learner receives labeled training examples, unlabeled test examples, and must make…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Gautam Chandrasekaran , Georgios Gkrinias , Adam R. Klivans , Konstantinos Stavropoulos , Arsen Vasilyan

Logic programs, more specifically, Answer-set programs, can be annotated with probabilities on facts to express uncertainty. We address the problem of propagating weight annotations on facts (eg probabilities) of an ASP to its standard…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Francisco Coelho , Bruno Dinis , Dietmar Seipel , Salvador Abreu

Proper quantification of predictive uncertainty is essential for the use of machine learning in safety-critical applications. Various uncertainty measures have been proposed for this purpose, typically claiming superiority over other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Paul Hofman , Yusuf Sale , Eyke Hüllermeier

When the distribution of the data used to train a classifier differs from that of the test data, i.e., under dataset shift, well-established routines for calibrating the decision scores of the classifier, estimating the proportion of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Alejandro Moreo

In this article a novel approach for training deep neural networks using Bayesian techniques is presented. The Bayesian methodology allows for an easy evaluation of model uncertainty and additionally is robust to overfitting. These are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Konstantin Posch , Jürgen Pilz

Deep learning has emerged as a promising paradigm to give access to highly accurate predictions of molecular and materials properties. A common short-coming shared by current approaches, however, is that neural networks only give point…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 Albert Zhu , Simon Batzner , Albert Musaelian , Boris Kozinsky
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