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We describe a novel approach to the detection and parameter estimation of a non\textendash Gaussian stochastic background of gravitational waves. The method is based on the determination of relevant statistical parameters using importance…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-22 Riccardo Buscicchio , Anirban Ain , Matteo Ballelli , Giancarlo Cella , Barbara Patricelli

The stochastic cosmological gravitational-wave background (CGWB) provides a direct window to study early universe phenomena and fundamental physics. With the proposed third-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors, Einstein…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-16 Ashish Sharma , Jan Harms

Finding a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) of astrophysical or primordial origin is one of the quests of current and future gravitational-wave observatories. While detector networks such as LIGO-Virgo-Kagra or pulsar timing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-04 Quentin Baghi , Nikolaos Karnesis , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Marc Besançon , Henri Inchauspé

Significant evidence for a stochastic gravitational-wave background has recently been reported by several Pulsar Timing Array observations. These studies have shown that, in addition to astrophysical explanations based on supermassive black…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-13 Ran Ding , Chi Tian

Space-borne detectors, including TianQin and Laser Interferometry Space Antenna (LISA), are tasked with simultaneously observing the Galactic foreground, astrophysical and cosmological stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds (SGWBs). For…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-18 Zheng-Cheng Liang , Zhi-Yuan Li , En-Kun Li , Jian-dong Zhang , Yi-Ming Hu

The detection and characterization of the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB) is one of the main goals of Gravitational Wave (GW) experiments. The observed SGWB will be the combination of GWs from cosmological (as predicted by…

The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is conventionally treated as a passive relic of its astrophysical and cosmological sources, with negligible back-reaction on the matter content of the Universe. Here we show that this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-10 Manjia Liang , Peng Xu , Ruijun Shi , Zhoujian Cao , Ziren Luo , Minghui Du , Qiong Deng , Bo Liang , Jiaxiang Liang

The temporal dependence of the astrophysical stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background (SGWB) in the hecto-hertz band brings a unique avenue to identify multi-messenger signals to these sources by using coincident detection in both GW…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-28 Hardik Jitendra Kuralkar , Mohit Raj Sah , Suvodip Mukherjee

Extracting the faint gravitational-wave background (GWB) signal from dominant detector noise and disentangling its %diverse astrophysical and cosmological components remain significant challenges for traditional methods like…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-18 Hugo Einsle , Marie-Anne Bizouard , Tania Regimbau , Mairi Sakellariadou

The superposition of many astrophysical gravitational wave (GW) signals below typical detection thresholds baths detectors in a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). In this work, we present a Fourier space approach to compute…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Yonadav Barry Ginat , Robert Reischke , Ivan Rapoport , Vincent Desjacques

The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) offers a new opportunity to observe signals of primordial features from inflationary models. We study their detectability with future space-based gravitational waves experiments, focusing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-17 Matteo Braglia , Xingang Chen , Dhiraj Kumar Hazra

Over the last five years, multiple Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations have reported mounting evidence for a gravitational-wave background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies. Measuring anisotropies in the sky distribution of the GWB power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-26 Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate , Thomas Konstandin , Mauro Pieroni , James Alvey

Pulsar timing arrays are one of the powerful tools to test the existence of cosmic strings through searching for the gravitational wave background. The amplitude of the background connects to information on cosmic strings such as the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-03 Sachiko Kuroyanagi , Keitaro Takahashi , Naoyuki Yonemaru , Hiroki Kumamoto

Recent findings from several Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations point to the existence of a Gravitational Wave Background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies. A key next step towards characterizing this signal and identifying its origin is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-16 Thomas Konstandin , Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate , Enrico Perboni

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is expected to detect a wide variety of gravitational wave sources in the mHz band. Some of these signals will elude individual detection, instead contributing as confusion noise to one of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-06 Steven Rieck , Alexander W. Criswell , Valeriya Korol , Michael A. Keim , Malachy Bloom , Vuk Mandic

The paucity of observed supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) may imply that the gravitational wave background (GWB) from this population is anisotropic, rendering existing analyses sub-optimal. We present the first constraints on the…

The recent Advanced LIGO detection of gravitational waves from the binary black hole GW150914 suggests there exists a large population of merging binary black holes in the Universe. Although most are too distant to be individually resolved…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-17 Thomas Callister , Letizia Sammut , Shi Qiu , Ilya Mandel , Eric Thrane

Anisotropies in the nanohertz gravitational-wave background are a compelling next target for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). Measurements or informative upper limits to the anisotropies are expected in the near future and can offer important…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-26 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Marc Kamionkowski

A stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) is expected to be produced by the superposition of individually undetectable, unresolved gravitational-wave (GW) signals from cosmological and astrophysical sources. Such a signal can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-17 Federico De Lillo , Jishnu Suresh , Antoine Depasse , Magdalena Sieniawska , Andrew L. Miller , Giacomo Bruno

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), a spaceborne gravitational wave (GW) detector set to launch in 2035, will observe several stochastic GW backgrounds in the mHz frequency band. At least one of these signals -- arising from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-24 Malachy Bloom , Alexander Criswell , Vuk Mandic