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Conventional incoherent imaging based on measuring the spatial intensity distribution in the image plane faces the resolution hurdle described by the Rayleigh diffraction criterion. Here, we demonstrate theoretically using the concept of…

We analyze the fundamental resolution of incoherent optical point sources from the perspective of a quantum detection problem: deciding whether the optical field on the image plane is generated by one source or two weaker sources with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-07 Xiao-Ming Lu , Ranjith Nair , Mankei Tsang

We experimentally demonstrate the simultaneous estimation of the three parameters characterizing a pair of incoherent optical sources in the sub-Rayleigh regime, enabling super-resolved scene characterization. Using spatial-mode…

We present a technique for binary spatial mode demultiplexing, using a double-clad fiber coupler as an optical mode sorter, for hypothesis testing for one or two point sources in an incident optical field. By directly coupling an optical…

We present a method for detection of weak continuous signals from sources in binary systems via the incoherent combination of many "short" coherently-analyzed segments. The main focus of the work is on the construction of a metric on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 Chris Messenger

We consider the problem of estimating the spatial separation between two mutually incoherent point light sources using the super-resolution imaging technique based on spatial mode demultiplexing with noisy detectors. We show that in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-26 Yink Loong Len , Chandan Datta , Michał Parniak , Konrad Banaszek

Rayleigh's criterion for resolving two incoherent point sources has been the most influential measure of optical imaging resolution for over a century. In the context of statistical image processing, violation of the criterion is especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 Mankei Tsang , Ranjith Nair , Xiao-Ming Lu

Radio source detection through conventional algorithms has been unreliable when trying to solve for large number of sources in the presence of low SINR and less number of snapshots. We address this by reformulating source detection as a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-02 Jayakrishnan Vijayamohanan , Arjun Gupta , Oameed Noakoasteen , Sotirios Goudos , Christos Christodoulou

We consider imaging of two partially coherent sources and derive the ultimate quantum limits for estimating the separation, location, relative intensity, and coherence factor. We show that super-resolution in the separation is achievable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Joaquín López-Suárez , Michalis Skotiniotis

Historically, the resolution of optical imaging systems was dictated by diffraction, and the Rayleigh criterion was long considered an unsurpassable limit. In superresolution microscopy, this limit is overcome by manipulating the emission…

We establish the multiparameter quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound for simultaneously estimating the centroid, the separation, and the relative intensities of two incoherent optical point sources using alinear imaging system. For equally bright…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-13 J. Rehacek , Z. Hradil , B. Stoklasa , M. Paur , J. Grover , A. Krzic , L. L. Sanchez-Soto

Interferometric methods have been recently investigated to achieve sub-Rayleigh imaging and precision measurements of faint incoherent sources up to the ultimate quantum limit. Here we consider single-photon imaging of two point-like…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-28 Luigi Santamaria Amato , Fabrizio Sgobba , Cosmo Lupo

The aim of two-dimensional line spectral estimation is to super-resolve the spectral point sources of the signal from time samples. In many associated applications such as radar and sonar, due to cut-off and saturation regions in electronic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Iman Valiulahi , Farzan Haddadi , Arash Amini

The Rayleigh limit and low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) scenarios pose significant limitations to optical imaging systems used in remote sensing, infrared thermal imaging, and space domain awareness. In this study, we introduce a Stochastic…

Optics · Physics 2024-01-18 Hyunsoo Choi , Seungman Choi , Peter Menart , Angshuman Deka , Zubin Jacob

The detection rate for compact binary mergers has grown as the sensitivity of the global network of ground based gravitational wave detectors has improved, now reaching the stage where robust automation of the analyses is essential.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-02 Neil J. Cornish

We analyze the fundamental quantum limit of the resolution of an optical imaging system from the perspective of the detection problem of deciding whether the optical field in the image plane is generated by one incoherent on-axis source…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-10 Xiao-Ming Lu , Hari Krovi , Ranjith Nair , Saikat Guha , Jeffrey H. Shapiro

For conventional imaging, the imaging resolution limit is given by the Rayleigh criterion. Exploiting the prior knowledge of imaging object's sparsity and fixed optical system, imaging beyond the conventional Rayleigh limit, which is backed…

Optics · Physics 2014-05-30 Wenlin Gong , Shensheng Han

We demonstrate spectroscopy of incoherent light with sub-diffraction resolution. In a proof-of-principle experiment we analyze the spectrum of a pair of incoherent point-like sources whose separation is below the diffraction limit. The two…

Spatial mode demultiplexing was proved to be a successful tool for estimation of the separation between incoherent sources, allowing for sensitivity much below the Rayleigh limit. However, with the presence of measurement's noise,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-23 Fattah Sakuldee , Łukasz Rudnicki

Signal detection in environments with unknown signal bandwidth and time intervals is a fundamental problem in adversarial and spectrum-sharing scenarios. This paper addresses the problem of detecting signals occupying unknown degrees of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Ali Rasteh , Sundeep Rangan
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