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Many successful methods developed for medical image analysis that are based on machine learning use supervised learning approaches, which often require large datasets annotated by experts to achieve high accuracy. However, medical data…

Medical image segmentation is a key task in the imaging workflow, influencing many image-based decisions. Traditional, fully-supervised segmentation models rely on large amounts of labeled training data, typically obtained through manual…

Structured-output learning is a challenging problem; particularly so because of the difficulty in obtaining large datasets of fully labelled instances for training. In this paper we try to overcome this difficulty by presenting a…

Few-shot learning has been studied to adapt models to tasks with very few samples. It holds profound significance, particularly in clinical tasks, due to the high annotation cost of medical images. Several works have explored few-shot…

Medical experts often manually segment images to obtain diagnostic statistics and discard the resulting annotations. We aim to train segmentation models to alleviate this burden, but constrained to the retained summary statistics (e.g., the…

Medical data poses a daunting challenge for AI algorithms: it exists in many different modalities, experiences frequent distribution shifts, and suffers from a scarcity of examples and labels. Recent advances, including transformers and…

Semantic segmentation is an essential component of medical image analysis research, with recent deep learning algorithms offering out-of-the-box applicability across diverse datasets. Despite these advancements, segmentation failures remain…

A machine learning model that generalizes well should obtain low errors on unseen test examples. Thus, if we learn an optimal model in training data, it could have better generalization performance in testing tasks. However, learning such a…

Purpose: Deep learning methods have shown promising results in the segmentation, and detection of diseases in medical images. However, most methods are trained and tested on data from a single source, modality, organ, or disease type,…

Despite advances in machine learning-based medical image classifiers, the safety and reliability of these systems remain major concerns in practical settings. Existing auditing approaches mainly rely on unimodal features or metadata-based…

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising paradigm in medical imaging, addressing the chronic challenge of limited labeled data in healthcare settings. While SSL has shown impressive results, existing studies in the medical…

The lack of sufficient annotated image data is a common issue in medical image segmentation. For some organs and densities, the annotation may be scarce, leading to poor model training convergence, while other organs have plenty of…

Deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis is gradually deployed to review and analyze medical images. However, this paradigm is restricted in real-world clinical applications due to the poor robustness and generalization. The issue is…

Semantic segmentation of medical images is pivotal in applications like disease diagnosis and treatment planning. While deep learning has excelled in automating this task, a major hurdle is the need for numerous annotated segmentation…

Few-shot video object segmentation aims to reduce annotation costs; however, existing methods still require abundant dense frame annotations for training, which are scarce in the medical domain. We investigate an extremely low-data regime…

In the field of image classification, existing methods often struggle with biased or ambiguous data, a prevalent issue in real-world scenarios. Current strategies, including semi-supervised learning and class blending, offer partial…

Despite the success of deep learning methods in medical image segmentation tasks, the human-level performance relies on massive training data with high-quality annotations, which are expensive and time-consuming to collect. The fact is that…

Representation learning has been widely studied in the context of meta-learning, enabling rapid learning of new tasks through shared representations. Recent works such as MAML have explored using fine-tuning-based metrics, which measure the…

Deep learning for medical image classification faces three major challenges: 1) the number of annotated medical images for training are usually small; 2) regions of interest (ROIs) are relatively small with unclear boundaries in the whole…

Traditional one-shot medical image segmentation (MIS) methods use registration networks to propagate labels from a reference atlas or rely on comprehensive sampling strategies to generate synthetic labeled data for training. However, these…