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Transformer is a deep neural network that employs a self-attention mechanism to comprehend the contextual relationships within sequential data. Unlike conventional neural networks or updated versions of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Saidul Islam , Hanae Elmekki , Ahmed Elsebai , Jamal Bentahar , Najat Drawel , Gaith Rjoub , Witold Pedrycz

Task-Oriented Dialogue (TOD) systems are drawing more and more attention in recent studies. Current methods focus on constructing pre-trained models or fine-tuning strategies while the evaluation of TOD is limited by a policy mismatch…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Qinyuan Cheng , Linyang Li , Guofeng Quan , Feng Gao , Xiaofeng Mou , Xipeng Qiu

Task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems are mainly based on the slot-filling-based TOD (SF-TOD) framework, in which dialogues are broken down into smaller, controllable units (i.e., slots) to fulfill a specific task. A series of approaches…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in zero-shot dialogue state tracking (DST), reducing the need for task-specific training. However, conventional DST benchmarks primarily focus on structured user-agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Sangmin Song , Juhwan Choi , JungMin Yun , YoungBin Kim

The ideal conversational recommender system (CRS) acts like a savvy salesperson, adapting its language and suggestions to each user's level of expertise. However, most current systems treat all users as experts, leading to frustrating and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ivica Kostric , Ujwal Gadiraju , Krisztian Balog

Recent technological advances have made it possible to build real-time, interactive spoken dialogue systems for a wide variety of applications. However, when users do not respect the limitations of such systems, performance typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Diane J. Litman , Shimei Pan

Most research on task oriented dialog modeling is based on written text input. However, users interact with practical dialog systems often using speech as input. Typically, systems convert speech into text using an Automatic Speech…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Hagen Soltau , Izhak Shafran , Mingqiu Wang , Abhinav Rastogi , Jeffrey Zhao , Ye Jia , Wei Han , Yuan Cao , Aramys Miranda

Automatic optimization of spoken dialog management policies that are robust to environmental noise has long been the goal for both academia and industry. Approaches based on reinforcement learning have been proved to be effective. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Hang Ren , Weiqun Xu , Yonghong Yan

In spoken dialogue systems, we aim to deploy artificial intelligence to build automated dialogue agents that can converse with humans. A part of this effort is the policy optimisation task, which attempts to find a policy describing how to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Gellért Weisz , Paweł Budzianowski , Pei-Hao Su , Milica Gašić

Recent work in open-domain conversational agents has demonstrated that significant improvements in model engagingness and humanness metrics can be achieved via massive scaling in both pre-training data and model size (Adiwardana et al.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Kurt Shuster , Eric Michael Smith , Da Ju , Jason Weston

Dynamic Translation (DT) is a sophisticated technique that allows the implementation of high-performance emulators and high-level-language virtual machines. In this technique, the guest code is compiled dynamically at runtime. Consequently,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Vanderson Martins do Rosario , Raphael Zinsly , Sandro Rigo , Edson Borin

Recently, research on open domain dialogue systems have attracted extensive interests of academic and industrial researchers. The goal of an open domain dialogue system is to imitate humans in conversations. Previous works on single turn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Wei-Nan Zhang , Yiming Cui , Kaiyan Zhang , Yifa Wang , Qingfu Zhu , Lingzhi Li , Ting Liu

Spoken dialogue is an intuitive form of human-computer interaction, yet current speech language models often remain constrained to turn-based exchanges, lacking real-time adaptability such as user barge-in. We propose a novel duplex speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Ke Hu , Ehsan Hosseini-Asl , Chen Chen , Edresson Casanova , Subhankar Ghosh , Piotr Żelasko , Zhehuai Chen , Jason Li , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Goal-oriented dialog systems enable users to complete specific goals like requesting information about a movie or booking a ticket. Typically the dialog system pipeline contains multiple ML models, including natural language understanding,…

Conversational Information Retrieval (CIR) is an emerging field of Information Retrieval (IR) at the intersection of interactive IR and dialogue systems for open domain information needs. In order to optimize these interactions and enhance…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Pierre Erbacher , Laure Soulier , Ludovic Denoyer

Many real-world open-domain conversation applications have specific goals to achieve during open-ended chats, such as recommendation, psychotherapy, education, etc. We study the problem of imposing conversational goals on open-domain chat…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Jianheng Tang , Tiancheng Zhao , Chenyan Xiong , Xiaodan Liang , Eric P. Xing , Zhiting Hu

Users interacting with voice assistants today need to phrase their requests in a very specific manner to elicit an appropriate response. This limits the user experience, and is partly due to the lack of reasoning capabilities of dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yi-Lin Tuan , Sajjad Beygi , Maryam Fazel-Zarandi , Qiaozi Gao , Alessandra Cervone , William Yang Wang

Proactive dialogue system is able to lead the conversation to a goal topic and has advantaged potential in bargain, persuasion and negotiation. Current corpus-based learning manner limits its practical application in real-world scenarios.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Wenqiang Lei , Yao Zhang , Feifan Song , Hongru Liang , Jiaxin Mao , Jiancheng Lv , Zhenglu Yang , Tat-Seng Chua

Over-dependence on domain ontology and lack of knowledge sharing across domains are two practical and yet less studied problems of dialogue state tracking. Existing approaches generally fall short in tracking unknown slot values during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Chien-Sheng Wu , Andrea Madotto , Ehsan Hosseini-Asl , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher , Pascale Fung

Effective persuasive dialogue agents adapt their strategies to individual users, accounting for the evolution of their psychological states and intentions throughout conversations. We present a personality-aware reinforcement learning…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Donghuo Zeng , Roberto Legaspi , Kazushi Ikeda
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