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We present the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope catalog (4FGL) of gamma-ray sources. Based on the first eight years of science data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it is the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-05-27 LAT collaboration

Approximately one-third of the gamma-ray sources in the third Fermi-LAT catalog are unidentified or unassociated with objects at other wavelengths. Observations with Swift-XRT have yielded possible counterparts in $\sim$30% of these source…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 Amanpreet Kaur , Abraham D Falcone , Michael D Stroh , Jamie A Kennea , Elizabeth C Ferrara

We have investigated a number of factors that can have significant impacts on the classification performance of $\gamma$-ray sources detected by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) with machine learning techniques. We show that a framework of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-29 Shengda Luo , Alex P. Leung , C. Y. Hui , K. L. Li

A large fraction of Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) sources in the fourth Fermi-LAT 14 yr catalog (4FGL) still remain unidentified (unIDed). We continued to improve our machine-learning pipeline and used it to classify 1206 X-ray sources…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-08-20 Hui Yang , Jeremy Hare , Oleg Kargaltsev

Context. Based on their overwhelming dominance among associated Fermi gamma ray catalogue sources, it is expected that a large fraction of the unidentified Fermi objects are blazars. Through crossmatching between the positions of…

Associating gamma-ray sources to their low-energy counterparts is one of the major challenges of modern gamma-ray astronomy. In the context of the Fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope Source Catalog (4FGL), the associations rely mainly on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-03 Raniere de Menezes , Raffaele D'Abrusco , Francesco Massaro , Dario Gasparrini , Rodrigo Nemmen

The first Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalogue of sources (1FHL) emitting at high energies (above 10 GeV) reports the details of 514 objects detected in the first three years of the Fermi mission. Of these, 71 were reported as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-24 R. Landi , L. Bassani , J. B. Stephen , N. Masetti , A. Malizia , P. Ubertini

The use of Bayesian neural networks is a novel approach for the classification of gamma-ray sources. We focus on the classification of Fermi-LAT blazar candidates, which can be divided into BL Lacertae objects and Flat Spectrum Radio…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-13 Anja Butter , Thorben Finke , Felicitas Keil , Michael Krämer , Silvia Manconi

Context. Blazars are a distinct subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGN), known for their fast variability, high polarization, and intense emission across the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio waves to gamma rays. Gamma-ray blazar…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-08 N. Álvarez Crespo , A. Domínguez , V. S. Paliya , M. Chamorro Cazorla , P. Sánchez Blázquez , A. Gil de Paz

The third catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi-LAT (3LAC) is presented. It is based on the third Fermi-LAT catalog (3FGL) of sources detected between 100 MeV and 300 GeV with a Test Statistic (TS) greater than 25,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-16 M. Ackermann , M. Ajello , W. Atwood , L. Baldini , J. Ballet , G. Barbiellini , D. Bastieri , J. Gonzalez , R. Bellazzini , E. Bissaldi , R. Blandford , E. Bloom , R. Bonino , E. Bottacini , T. Brandt , J. Bregeon , R. Britto , P. Bruel , R. Buehler , S. Buson , G. Caliandro , R. Cameron , M. Caragiulo , P. Caraveo , J. Casandjian , E. Cavazzuti , C. Cecchi , E. Charles , A. Chekhtman , C. Cheung , J. Chiang , G. Chiaro , S. Ciprini , R. Claus , J. Cohen-Tanugi , L. Cominsky , J. Conrad , S. Cutini , R. D'Abrusco , F. D'Ammando , A. Angelis , R. Desiante , S. Digel , L. Venere , P. Drell , C. Favuzzi , S. Fegan , E. Ferrara , J. Finke , W. Focke , A. Franckowiak , L. Fuhrmann , A. Furniss , P. Fusco , F. Gargano , D. Gasparrini , N. Giglietto , P. Giommi , F. Giordano , M. Giroletti , T. Glanzman , G. Godfrey , I. Grenier , J. Grove , S. Guiriec , J. W. Hewitt , A. Hill , D. Horan , G. J'ohannesson , A. Johnson , W. Johnson , J. Kataoka , M. Kuss , G. Mura , S. Larsson , L. Latronico , C. Leto , J. Li , L. Li , F. Longo , F. Loparco , B. Lott , M. Lovellette , P. Lubrano , G. Madejski , M. Mayer , M. Mazziotta , J. McEnery , P. Michelson , T. Mizuno , A. Moiseev , M. Monzani , A. Morselli , I. Moskalenko , S. Murgia , E. Nuss , M. Ohno , T. Ohsugi , R. Ojha , N. Omodei , M. Orienti , E. Orlando , A. Paggi , D. Paneque , J. Perkins , M. Pesce-Rollins , F. Piron , G. Pivato , T. Porter , S. Rain`o , R. Rando , M. Razzano , S. Razzaque , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , R. Romani , D. Salvetti , M. Schaal , F. Schinzel , A. Schulz , C. Sgr`o , E. Siskind , K. Sokolovsky , F. Spada , G. Spandre , P. Spinelli , L. Stawarz , D. Suson , H. Takahashi , T. Takahashi , Y. Tanaka , J. Thayer , J. Thayer , L. Tibaldo , D. Torres , E. Torresi , G. Tosti , E. Troja , Y. Uchiyama , G. Vianello , B. Winer , K. Wood , S. Zimmer

The fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog (4FGL) contains 5064 $\gamma$-ray sources detected at high significance, but 26% of them still lack associations at other wavelengths. The SPT-SZ survey, conducted between 2008 and 2011…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-01-04 Lizhong Zhang , Joaquin D. Vieira , Marco Ajello , Matthew A. Malkan , Melanie A. Archipley , Joseph Capota , Allen Foster , Greg Madejski

A significant fraction ($\sim 30$ %) of the gamma-ray sources listed in the second $\textit{Fermi}$ LAT (2FGL) catalog is still of unknown origin, being not yet associated with counterparts at lower energies. Using the available information…

The Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) 3FHL catalog is the latest catalog of >10 GeV sources and will remain an important resource for the high-energy community for the foreseeable future. Therefore, it is crucial that this catalog is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-14 Ross Silver , Stefano Marchesi , Lea Marcotulli , Aman Kaur , Meenakshi Rajagopal , Marco Ajello

Significant progress in the classification of Fermi unassociated sources , has led to an increasing number of blazars are being found. The optical spectrum is effectively used to classify the blazars into two groups such as BL Lacs and flat…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-10 Yijun Xu , Weirong Huang , Hui Deng , Ying Mei , Feng Wang

The Fermi/LAT telescope is an efficient blazar-detector in the MeV/GeV range. More than 1100 (900) blazars detected above 100 MeV (10 GeV) are clearly associated to BL Lacertae or Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar objects in the Fermi/LAT 3FGL…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-10-02 Julien Lefaucheur , Catherine Boisson , Paolo Goldoni , Santiago Pita

Blazars are among the most studied sources in high-energy astrophysics as they form the largest fraction of extragalactic gamma-ray sources and are considered prime candidates for being the counterparts of high-energy astrophysical…

BL Lac Objects (BL Lacs) and Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs) are radio-loud active galaxies (AGNs) whose jets are seen at a small viewing angle (blazars), while Misaligned Active Galactic Nuclei (MAGNs) are mainly radiogalaxies of type…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-20 G. Chiaro , M. Meyer , N. Alvarez Crespo , R. J. Britto , J. P. Marais , B. van Soelen , D. Salvetti , G. La Mura , D. J Thompson

During its first 2 years of mission the Fermi-LAT instrument discovered more than 1,800 gamma-ray sources in the 100 MeV to 100 GeV range. Despite the application of advanced techniques to identify and associate the Fermi-LAT sources with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-02 David Salvetti

The extragalactic $\gamma$-ray sky is dominated by emission from blazars, a peculiar class of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Many of the $\gamma$-ray sources included in Fermi -Large Area Telescope Third Source catalog (3FGL) are classified…

Blazars are a highly-variable, radio-loud subclass of active galactic nuclei (AGN). In order to better understand such objects we must be able to easily identify candidate blazars from the growing population of unidentified sources. Working…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-16 Philip S. Cowperthwaite , F. Massaro , R. D'Abrusco , A. Paggi , G. Tosti , Howard A. Smith