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The traditional Mpemba effect refers to an anomalous cooling phenomenon when an initial hotter system cools down faster than an initial warm system. Such counterintuitive behavior has been confirmed and explored across phase transitions in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-05 Alexander P. Antonov , Hartmut Löwen

We address the problem of cooling a Markovian quantum system to a pure state in the shortest amount of time possible. Here the system drift takes the form of a Lindblad master equation and we assume fast unitary control. This setting allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-11 Emanuel Malvetti

Quantum Mpemba effect describes an anomalous phenomenon of accelerated relaxation which is of fundamental interest in the field of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Conventional theories on this phenomenon strongly rely on the Born-Markovian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Ze-Zhou Zhang , Hong-Gang Luo , Wei Wu

Mpemba effect refers to the counterintuitive result that, when quenched to a low temperature, a system at higher temperature may equilibrate faster than one at intermediate temperatures. This effect has recently been demonstrated in driven…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-27 Apurba Biswas , V . V. Prasad , O. Raz , R. Rajesh

Under certain conditions, two samples of fluid at different initial temperatures present a counterintuitive behavior known as the Mpemba effect: it is the hotter system that cools sooner. Here, we show that the Mpemba effect is present in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-10-06 Antonio Lasanta , Francisco Vega Reyes , Antonio Prados , Andrés Santos

The Mpemba effect (a counterintuitive thermal relaxation process where an initially hotter system may cool down to the steady state sooner than an initially colder system) is studied in terms of a model of inertial suspensions under shear.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-10 Satoshi Takada , Hisao Hayakawa , Andrés Santos

The phase transitions for many-body systems have been understood using field theories. A few canonical physical model classes encapsulate the underlying physical properties of a large number of systems. The finite-time driving of such…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-24 Atul Tanaji Mohite

The Mpemba effect is a fingerprint of the anomalous relaxation phenomenon wherein an initially hotter system equilibrates faster than an initially colder system when both are quenched to the same low temperature. Experiments on a single…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-16 Apurba Biswas , R. Rajesh , Arnab Pal

We generalize the classical thermal Mpemba effect (where an initially hot system relaxes faster to the final equilibrium state than a cold one) to open quantum systems coupled to several reservoirs. We show that, in general, two different…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-07 Andrea Nava , Reinhold Egger

An ancient and counterintuitive phenomenon know as the Mpemba effect (water can cool faster when initially heated up) showcases the critical role of initial conditions in relaxation processes. How to realize and utilize this effect for…

The Mpemba effect refers to systems whose thermal relaxation time is a non-monotonic function of the initial temperature. Thus, a system that is initially hot cools to a bath temperature more quickly than the same system, initially warm. In…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-31 Raphaël Chétrite , Avinash Kumar , John Bechhoefer

Mpemba effects (MPEs), where a hotter system cools faster than a colder one, present intriguing anomalies in relaxation processes. Despite their universal observation and significant fundamental and practical implications, a comprehensive…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-10-22 Naruo Ohga , Hisao Hayakawa , Sosuke Ito

Mpemba effect refers to the counterintuitive phenomenon of a hotter system equilibrating faster than a colder system when both are quenched to the same low temperature. For a Brownian particle trapped in a piece-wise linear single well…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-05-12 Apurba Biswas , R. Rajesh

The Mpemba effect has initially been noticed in macroscopic systems -- namely that hot water can freeze faster than cold water -- but recently its extension to open quantum systems has attracted significant attention. This phenomenon can be…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-04-08 Juliane Graf , Janine Splettstoesser , Juliette Monsel

The Mpemba effect, where a hotter system cools faster than a colder one under otherwise identical conditions, has been extensively studied in classical systems. In this work, we present the quantum analogue of the Mpemba effect using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Xingli Li , Yan Li , Yangqian Yan

The Mpemba effect describes the phenomenon that a system at a hot initial temperature cools faster than at an initial warm temperature in the same environment. Such an anomalous cooling has recently been predicted and realized for trapped…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-28 Isha Malhotra , Hartmut Löwen

Loosely speaking, the Mpemba effect appears when hotter systems cool sooner or, in a more abstract way, when systems further from equilibrium relax faster. In this paper, we investigate the Mpemba effect in a molecular gas with nonlinear…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-05-31 Alberto Megías , Andrés Santos , Antonio Prados

The Mpemba effect -- where hot systems cool faster than colder ones -- has intrigued both classical and quantum thermodynamics. As compared to classical systems, quantum systems add complexity due to quantum correlations. Recent works have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Stefano Longhi

The counterintuitive Mpemba effect, wherein a hotter system cools faster, critically lacks a general macroscopic theory. Here, starting from linear irreversible thermodynamics, we formulate a generalized Newton's cooling law,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-21 Yun-Qian Lin , Z. C. Tu , Yu-Han Ma

Anomalous thermal relaxation is ubiquitous in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. An emblematic example of this is the Mpemba effect, where an initially ``hot'' system cools faster than an initially ``cooler'' one. This effect has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Ivan Medina , Oisín Culhane , Felix C. Binder , Gabriel T. Landi , John Goold