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Various efforts in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) community have been made to accommodate linguistic diversity and serve speakers of many different languages. However, it is important to acknowledge that speakers and the content they…

Linguistic disparity in the NLP world is a problem that has been widely acknowledged recently. However, different facets of this problem, or the reasons behind this disparity are seldom discussed within the NLP community. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Surangika Ranathunga , Nisansa de Silva

Natural language processing (NLP) systems have become a central technology in communication, education, medicine, artificial intelligence, and many other domains of research and development. While the performance of NLP methods has grown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Damián Blasi , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Graham Neubig

Code-mixing involves the seamless integration of linguistic elements from multiple languages within a single discourse, reflecting natural multilingual communication patterns. Despite its prominence in informal interactions such as social…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Svetlana Churina , Akshat Gupta , Insyirah Mujtahid , Kokil Jaidka

Language representations are efficient tools used across NLP applications, but they are strife with encoded societal biases. These biases are studied extensively, but with a primary focus on English language representations and biases…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Vijit Malik , Sunipa Dev , Akihiro Nishi , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

Code-mixing is a phenomenon which arises mainly in multilingual societies. Multilingual people, who are well versed in their native languages and also English speakers, tend to code-mix using English-based phonetic typing and the insertion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Avishek Garain , Sainik Kumar Mahata , Dipankar Das

Multilingual programs, whose implementations are made of different languages, are gaining traction especially in domains, such as web programming, that particularly benefit from the additional flexibility brought by using multiple…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Carlo A. Furia , Abhishek Tiwari

Codeswitching has become one of the most common occurrences across multilingual speakers of the world, especially in countries like India which encompasses around 23 official languages with the number of bilingual speakers being around 300…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Dhruval Jain , Arun D Prabhu , Shubham Vatsal , Gopi Ramena , Naresh Purre

In this work, we present a simple and elegant approach to language modeling for bilingual code-switched text. Since code-switching is a blend of two or more different languages, a standard bilingual language model can be improved upon by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Saurabh Garg , Tanmay Parekh , Preethi Jyothi

Cross-lingual transfer is central to modern NLP, enabling models to perform tasks in languages different from those they were trained on. A common assumption is that training on more languages improves zero-shot transfer. We test this on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Roksana Goworek , Haim Dubossarsky

Practical needs of developing task-oriented dialogue assistants require the ability to understand many languages. Novel benchmarks for multilingual natural language understanding (NLU) include monolingual sentences in several languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Alexey Birshert , Ekaterina Artemova

The curse of multilinguality phenomenon is a fundamental problem of multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs), where the competition between massive languages results in inferior performance. It mainly comes from limited capacity and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chong Li , Yingzhuo Deng , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Cutting-edge LLMs have emerged as powerful tools for multilingual communication and understanding. However, LLMs perform worse in Common Sense Reasoning (CSR) tasks when prompted in low-resource languages (LRLs) like Hindi or Swahili…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Tanay Nagar , Grigorii Khvatskii , Anna Sokol , Nitesh V. Chawla

Code-Switching, a common phenomenon in written text and conversation, has been studied over decades by the natural language processing (NLP) research community. Initially, code-switching is intensively explored by leveraging linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Genta Indra Winata , Alham Fikri Aji , Zheng-Xin Yong , Thamar Solorio

Sentiment Analysis and other semantic tasks are commonly used for social media textual analysis to gauge public opinion and make sense from the noise on social media. The language used on social media not only commonly diverges from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Anirudh Dahiya , Neeraj Battan , Manish Shrivastava , Dipti Mishra Sharma

Transliteration has emerged as a promising means to bridge the gap between various languages in multilingual NLP, showing promising results especially for languages using non-Latin scripts. We investigate the degree to which shared script,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Haeji Jung , Jinju Kim , Kyungjin Kim , Youjeong Roh , David R. Mortensen

In Natural Language Processing (NLP), one traditionally considers a single task (e.g. part-of-speech tagging) for a single language (e.g. English) at a time. However, recent work has shown that it can be beneficial to take advantage of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Johannes Bjerva

Large Language Models (LLMs) have remarkable capabilities across NLP tasks. However, their performance in multilingual contexts, especially within the mental health domain, has not been thoroughly explored. In this paper, we evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nishat Raihan , Sadiya Sayara Chowdhury Puspo , Ana-Maria Bucur , Stevie Chancellor , Marcos Zampieri

Bilingual and multilingual language models offer a promising path toward scaling NLP systems across diverse languages and users. However, their performance often varies wildly between languages as prior works show that adding more languages…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Skyler Seto , Maartje ter Hoeve , Maureen de Seyssel , David Grangier

Previous work indicates that large language models exhibit a significant "English bias", i.e. they often perform better when tasks are presented in English. Interestingly, we have observed that using certain other languages in reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Changjiang Gao , Xu Huang , Wenhao Zhu , Shujian Huang , Lei Li , Fei Yuan