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In classical machine learning, regression is treated as a black box process of identifying a suitable function from a hypothesis set without attempting to gain insight into the mechanism connecting inputs and outputs. In the natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Georg Martius , Christoph H. Lampert

An important component for generalization in machine learning is to uncover underlying latent factors of variation as well as the mechanism through which each factor acts in the world. In this paper, we test whether 17 unsupervised, weakly…

This paper introduces the concept of hyperpolation: a way of generalising from a limited set of data points that is a peer to the more familiar concepts of interpolation and extrapolation. Hyperpolation is the task of estimating the value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Toby Ord

This work considers the problem of learning structured representations from raw images using self-supervised learning. We propose a principled framework based on a mutual information objective, which integrates self-supervised and structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Emanuele Sansone

With the resurgence of interest in neural networks, representation learning has re-emerged as a central focus in artificial intelligence. Representation learning refers to the discovery of useful encodings of data that make domain-relevant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-19 Karl Ridgeway

Recent advances in unsupervised learning have shown that unsupervised pre-training, followed by fine-tuning, can improve model generalization. However, a rigorous understanding of how the representation function learned on an unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yuyang Deng , Junyuan Hong , Jiayu Zhou , Mehrdad Mahdavi

A simple sparse coding mechanism appears in the sensory systems of several organisms: to a coarse approximation, an input $x \in \R^d$ is mapped to much higher dimension $m \gg d$ by a random linear transformation, and is then sparsified by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Sanjoy Dasgupta , Christopher Tosh

Most machine learning theory and practice is concerned with learning a single task. In this thesis it is argued that in general there is insufficient information in a single task for a learner to generalise well and that what is required…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Jonathan Baxter

Despite tremendous progress over the past decade, deep learning methods generally fall short of human-level systematic generalization. It has been argued that explicitly capturing the underlying structure of data should allow connectionist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Andrea Dittadi

Understanding how information is represented in neural networks is a fundamental challenge in both neuroscience and artificial intelligence. Despite their nonlinear architectures, recent evidence suggests that neural networks encode…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 David Klindt , Charles O'Neill , Patrik Reizinger , Harald Maurer , Nina Miolane

As discussed in previous studies, the efficacy of evolutionary or reinforcement learning algorithms for continuous control optimization can be enhanced by including a neural module dedicated to feature extraction trained through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Nicola Milano , Stefano Nolfi

This work investigates the unexplored usability of self-supervised representation learning in the direction of functional knowledge transfer. In this work, functional knowledge transfer is achieved by joint optimization of self-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Prakash Chandra Chhipa , Muskaan Chopra , Gopal Mengi , Varun Gupta , Richa Upadhyay , Meenakshi Subhash Chippa , Kanjar De , Rajkumar Saini , Seiichi Uchida , Marcus Liwicki

We study the problem of learning features through self-supervision that are generalisable to multiple graphs. State-of-the-art graph self-supervision restricts training to only one graph, resulting in graph-specific models that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Laya Das , Sai Munikoti , Nrushad Joshi , Mahantesh Halappanavar

The recent success in human action recognition with deep learning methods mostly adopt the supervised learning paradigm, which requires significant amount of manually labeled data to achieve good performance. However, label collection is an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Junnan Li , Yongkang Wong , Qi Zhao , Mohan S. Kankanhalli

Learning useful representations with little or no supervision is a key challenge in artificial intelligence. We provide an in-depth review of recent advances in representation learning with a focus on autoencoder-based models. To organize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Michael Tschannen , Olivier Bachem , Mario Lucic

Machine Learning and Inference methods have become ubiquitous in our attempt to induce more abstract representations of natural language text, visual scenes, and other messy, naturally occurring data, and support decisions that depend on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Dan Roth

Self-supervised learning is a powerful paradigm for representation learning on unlabelled images. A wealth of effective new methods based on instance matching rely on data-augmentation to drive learning, and these have reached a rough…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Linus Ericsson , Henry Gouk , Timothy M. Hospedales

Self-supervised learning can significantly improve the performance of downstream tasks, however, the dimensions of learned representations normally lack explicit physical meanings. In this work, we propose a novel self-supervised approach…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-19 Yifan Sun , Xihong Wu

How to learn an effective reinforcement learning-based model for control tasks from high-level visual observations is a practical and challenging problem. A key to solving this problem is to learn low-dimensional state representations from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Jianda Chen , Sinno Jialin Pan

Meta-learning algorithms adapt quickly to new tasks that are drawn from the same task distribution as the training tasks. The mechanism leading to fast adaptation is the conditioning of a downstream predictive model on the inferred…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Muhammad Waleed Gondal , Shruti Joshi , Nasim Rahaman , Stefan Bauer , Manuel Wüthrich , Bernhard Schölkopf