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Quantum metrology has many important applications in science and technology, ranging from frequency spectroscopy to gravitational wave detection. Quantum mechanics imposes a fundamental limit on measurement precision, called the Heisenberg…
The NMR spectra of paramagnetic substances can feature shifts over thousands of ppm. In high magnetic field instruments, this corresponds to extreme offsets, which make it challenging or impossible to achieve uniform excitation without…
Optical phase determination is an important and established tool in diverse fields such as astronomy, biology, or quantum optics. There is increasing interest in using a lower number of total photons. However, different noise sources, such…
Dephasing is a main noise mechanism that afflicts quantum information, it reduces visibility, and destroys coherence and entanglement. Therefore, it must be reduced, mitigated, and if possible corrected, to allow for demonstration of…
This paper presents a polarization calibration method applied to a microwave polarimeter demonstrator based on a near-infrared (NIR) frequency up-conversion stage that allows both optical correlation and signal detection at a wavelength of…
Phase diversity is a widefield aberration correction method that uses multiple images to estimate the phase aberration at the pupil plane of an imaging system by solving an optimization problem. This estimated aberration can then be used to…
Many multichannel systems use a linear filter to retrieve a signal of interest corrupted by noise whose statistics are partly unknown. The optimal filter in Gaussian noise requires knowledge of the noise covariance matrix $\Sigma$ and in…
Diffusion imaging is an important method in the field of neuroscience, as it is sensitive to changes within the tissue microstructure of the human brain. However, a major challenge when using MRI to derive quantitative measures is that the…
The aberrations induced by the sample and/or by the sample holder limit the resolution of optical microscopes. Wavefront correction can be achieved using a deformable mirror with wavefront sensorless optimization algorithms but, despite the…
Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is a valuable tool to map brain microstructure and connectivity by analyzing water molecule diffusion in tissue. However, acquiring dMRI data requires to capture multiple 3D brain volumes in a short time, often leading…
Fast Fourier Transform based phase screen simulations give accurate results only when the screen size ($G$) is much larger than the outer scale parameter ($L_0$). Otherwise, they fall short in correctly predicting both the low and high…
The signal-to-noise ratio of a multistage cascade network is often estimated using Friis formulas for noise factors (or the noise figures in decibel). In this letter, the correct formulas to calculate the stage-wise noise factors and the…
Knowledge of the noise distribution in diffusion MRI is the centerpiece to quantify uncertainties arising from the acquisition process. Accurate estimation beyond textbook distributions often requires information about the acquisition…
Phase steps are an important type of wavefront aberrations generated by large telescopes with segmented mirrors. In a closed-loop correction cycle these phase steps have to be measured with the highest possible precision using natural…
In this paper, we design matched filters for diffusive molecular communication systems taking into account the following impairments: signal-dependent diffusion noise, inter-symbol interference (ISI), and external interfering molecules. The…
The signal-to-noise ratio of a multistage cascade network is often estimated using the well-known Friis' formulas for noise factors (or the noise figures in decibels). However, this article addresses the major errors in Friis' noise factor…
Depth completion aims to recover dense depth maps from sparse depth measurements. It is of increasing importance for autonomous driving and draws increasing attention from the vision community. Most of existing methods directly train a…
Diffusion MRI affords valuable insights into white matter microstructures, but suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), especially at high diffusion weighting (i.e., b-value). To avoid time-intensive repeated acquisition,…
Acquired images for medical and other purposes can be affected by noise from both the equipment used in the capturing or the environment. This can have adverse effect on the information therein. Thus, the need to restore the image to its…
Image interpolation based on diffusion models is promising in creating fresh and interesting images. Advanced interpolation methods mainly focus on spherical linear interpolation, where images are encoded into the noise space and then…