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Purpose: To develop and evaluate a free-breathing respiratory motion compensated 4D (3D+respiration) $T_2$-weighted turbo spin echo sequence with application to radiology and MR-guided radiotherapy. Methods: k-space data are continuously…

Segmenting anatomical structures in medical images has been successfully addressed with deep learning methods for a range of applications. However, this success is heavily dependent on the quality of the image that is being segmented. A…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-06 Ilkay Oksuz , James R. Clough , Bram Ruijsink , Esther Puyol Anton , Aurelien Bustin , Gastao Cruz , Claudia Prieto , Andrew P. King , Julia A. Schnabel

Respiration-induced B$_0$ fluctuation corrupts MRI images by inducing phase errors in k-space. A few approaches such as navigator have been proposed to correct for the artifacts at the expense of sequence modification. In this study, a new…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-09 Hongjun An , Hyeong-Geol Shin , Sooyoen Ji , Woojin Jung , Sehong Oh , Dongmyung Shin , Juhyung Park , Jongho Lee

We propose an unsupervised deep learning algorithm for the motion-compensated reconstruction of 5D cardiac MRI data from 3D radial acquisitions. Ungated free-breathing 5D MRI simplifies the scan planning, improves patient comfort, and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Joseph Kettelkamp , Ludovica Romanin , Davide Piccini , Sarv Priya , Mathews Jacob

For the one billion sufferers of respiratory disease, managing their disease with inhalers crucially influences their quality of life. Generic treatment plans could be improved with the aid of computational models that account for…

Online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) promises the ability to deliver an optimal treatment in response to daily patient anatomic variation. A major technical barrier for the clinical implementation of online ART is the requirement of…

Accurate evaluation of regional lung ventilation is essential for the management and treatment of lung cancer patients, supporting assessments of pulmonary function, optimization of therapeutic strategies, and monitoring of treatment…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Rihui Zhang , Haiming Zhu , Jingtong Zhao , Lei Zhang , Fang-Fang Yin , Chunhao Wang , Zhenyu Yang

Seismic imaging from sparsely acquired data faces challenges such as low image quality, discontinuities, and migration swing artifacts. Existing convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods struggle with complex feature distributions…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-08-01 Xingchen Shi , Shijun Cheng , Weijian Mao , Wei Ouyang

Unsupervised learning-based medical image registration approaches have witnessed rapid development in recent years. We propose to revisit a commonly ignored while simple and well-established principle: recursive refinement of deformation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-15 Xinzi He , Jia Guo , Xuzhe Zhang , Hanwen Bi , Sarah Gerard , David Kaczka , Amin Motahari , Eric Hoffman , Joseph Reinhardt , R. Graham Barr , Elsa Angelini , Andrew Laine

Sharp, multidimensional changepoints-abrupt shifts in a regression surface whose locations and magnitudes are unknown-arise in settings as varied as gene-expression profiling, financial covariance breaks, climate-regime detection, and urban…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-05-09 Florian Gunsilius , David Van Dijcke

Diffusion models generate data by learning to reverse a forward process, where samples are progressively perturbed with Gaussian noise according to a predefined noise schedule. From a geometric perspective, each noise schedule corresponds…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Teng Zhang , Hongxu Jiang , Kuang Gong , Wei Shao

Accurately estimating and correcting the motion artifacts are crucial for 3D image reconstruction of the abdominal and in-utero magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The state-of-art methods are based on slice-to-volume registration (SVR) where…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-29 Tong Zhang , Laurence H. Jackson , Alena Uus , James R. Clough , Lisa Story , Mary A. Rutherford , Joseph V. Hajnal , Maria Deprez

Purpose: We aim to develop a robust 4D MRI method for large FOVs enabling the extraction of irregular respiratory motion that is readily usable with all MRI machines and thus applicable to support a wide range of interventional settings.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Gino Gulamhussene , Fabian Joeres , Marko Rak , Maciej Pech , Christian Hansen

Accurately and precisely characterizing the morphology of small pulmonary structures from Computed Tomography (CT) images, such as airways and vessels, is becoming of great importance for diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. The smaller…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-13 Pietro Nardelli , James C. Ross , Raúl San José Estépar

Four-dimensional computed tomography (4D CT) reconstruction is crucial for capturing dynamic anatomical changes but faces inherent limitations from conventional phase-binning workflows. Current methods discretize temporal resolution into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Weihao Yu , Yuanhao Cai , Ruyi Zha , Zhiwen Fan , Chenxin Li , Yixuan Yuan

Remarkable advances in recent 2D image and 3D shape generation have induced a significant focus on dynamic 4D content generation. However, previous 4D generation methods commonly struggle to maintain spatial-temporal consistency and adapt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Mengmeng Liu , Jiuming Liu , Yunpeng Zhang , Jiangtao Li , Michael Ying Yang , Francesco Nex , Hao Cheng

Our aim was to enhance visual quality and quantitative accuracy of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET)uptake images by improved image reconstruction, using sophisticated sparse penalty models that incorporate both 2D spatial+1D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Ida Häggström , Yizun Lin , Si Li , Andrzej Krol , Yuesheng Xu , C. Ross Schmidtlein

Motion correction aims to prevent motion artefacts which may be caused by respiration, heartbeat, or head movements for example. In a preliminary step, the measured data is divided in gates corresponding to motion states, and displacement…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-15 Claire Delplancke , Kris Thielemans , Matthias J. Ehrhardt

Intra-frame motion blurring, as a major challenge in free-breathing dynamic MRI, can be reduced if high temporal resolution can be achieved. To address this challenge, this work proposes a highly-accelerated 4D (3D+time) real-time MRI…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-08-12 Li Feng

Reconstructing 4D (3D+t) cardiac geometry from sparse 2D echocardiography is highly desirable yet fundamentally challenged by geometric ambiguity and temporal discontinuity. To tackle these issues, we propose Echo4DIR, a novel test-time 4D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yanan Liu , Qinya Li , Hao Zhang , Kangjian He , Xuan Yang , Hao Li , Dan Xu , Lei Li