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The ratio of two densities provides a direct characterization of their differences. We consider the two-sample comparison problem by estimating this ratio given i.i.d. observations from two distributions. To this end, we propose additive…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-23 Naoki Awaya , Yuliang Xu , Li Ma

We introduce a family of one-dimensional geometric growth models, constructed iteratively by locally optimizing the tradeoffs between two competing metrics, and show that this family is equivalent to a family of preferential attachment…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Berger , C. Borgs , J. T. Chayes , R. M. D'Souza , R. D. Kleinberg

This paper introduces a new combinatorial framework for modeling the growth of binary trees through a discrete evolution process that incorporates a growing rule and an extinction rule. Building upon the theory of increasingly labeled…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Olivier Bodini , Antoine Genitrini , Khaydar Nurligareev

We present a general model for the growth of weighted networks in which the structural growth is coupled with the edges' weight dynamical evolution. The model is based on a simple weight-driven dynamics and a weights' reinforcement…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alain Barrat , Marc Barthelemy , Alessandro Vespignani

Many networks exhibit scale free behavior where their degree distribution obeys a power law for large vertex degrees. Models constructed to explain this phenomena have relied on preferential attachment where the networks grow by the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-02-08 Vijay K Samalam

Mechanistic models can provide an intuitive and interpretable explanation of network growth by specifying a set of generative rules. These rules can be defined by domain knowledge about real-world mechanisms governing network growth or may…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Maxwell H Wang , Till Hoffmann , Jukka-Pekka Onnela

In mixture model-based clustering applications, it is common to fit several models from a family and report clustering results from only the `best' one. In such circumstances, selection of this best model is achieved using a model selection…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-09 Yuhong Wei , Paul D. McNicholas

Clustering is a central tool in biomedical research for discovering heterogeneous patient subpopulations, where group boundaries are often diffuse rather than sharply separated. Traditional methods produce hard partitions, whereas soft…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-07 Qiuyi Wu , Zihan Zhu , Anru R. Zhang

Preferential attachment is often suggested to be the underlying mechanism of the growth of a network, largely due to that many real networks are, to a certain extent, scale-free. However, such attribution is usually made under debatable…

Applications · Statistics 2025-09-16 Clement Lee

This paper introduces Diffuse-TreeVAE, a deep generative model that integrates hierarchical clustering into the framework of Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs). The proposed approach generates new images by sampling from a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jorge da Silva Goncalves , Laura Manduchi , Moritz Vandenhirtz , Julia E. Vogt

Clustering is a fundamental approach to understanding data patterns, wherein the intuitive Euclidean distance space is commonly adopted. However, this is not the case for implicit cluster distributions reflected by qualitative attribute…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-05 Mingjie Zhao , Sen Feng , Yiqun Zhang , Mengke Li , Yang Lu , Yiu-ming Cheung

A cluster tree provides a highly-interpretable summary of a density function by representing the hierarchy of its high-density clusters. It is estimated using the empirical tree, which is the cluster tree constructed from a density…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-14 Jisu Kim , Yen-Chi Chen , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Alessandro Rinaldo , Larry Wasserman

An extension of the latent class model is presented for clustering categorical data by relaxing the classical "class conditional independence assumption" of variables. This model consists in grouping the variables into inter-independent and…

Computation · Statistics 2015-10-01 Matthieu Marbac , Christophe Biernacki , Vincent Vandewalle

We study the evolution of random graphs where edges are added one by one between pairs of weighted vertices so that resulting graphs are scale-free with the degree exponent $\gamma$. We use the branching process approach to obtain scaling…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. -S. Lee , K. -I. Goh , B. Kahng , D. Kim

We study a generalization of the affine preferential attachment model where triangles are randomly added to the graph. We show that the model exhibits an asymptotically power-law degree distribution with adjustable parameter $\gamma\in…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-04 Angelica Pachon , Robin Stephenson

We propose a rate equation approach to compute two vertex correlations in scale-free growing network models based in the preferential attachment mechanism. The formalism, based on previous work of Szab\'o \textit{et al.} [Phys. Rev. E…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alain Barrat , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras

We investigate the growth of clusters within the forest fire model of R\'{a}th and T\'{o}th [22]. The model is a continuous-time Markov process, similar to the dynamical Erd\H{o}s-R\'{e}nyi random graph but with the addition of so-called…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-15 Edward Crane , Nic Freeman , Bálint Tóth

We study Bayesian estimation of finite mixture models in a general setup where the number of components is unknown and allowed to grow with the sample size. An assumption on growing number of components is a natural one as the degree of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-18 Ilsang Ohn , Lizhen Lin

We study the following growth model on a regular d-ary tree. Points at distance n adjacent to the existing subtree are added with probabilities proportional to alpha^{-n}, where alpha<1 is a positive real parameter. The heights of these…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 MArtin T. Barlow , Robin Pemantle , Edwin A. Perkins

Tree ensembles are flexible predictive models that can capture relevant variables and to some extent their interactions in a compact and interpretable manner. Most algorithms for obtaining tree ensembles are based on versions of boosting or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-21 Gitesh Dawer , Yangzi Guo , Adrian Barbu