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It has been studied by Curto et al. (SIAM J. on App. Alg. and Geom., 1(1) : 222 $\unicode{x2013}$ 238, 2017) that a neural code that has an open convex realization does not have any local obstruction relative to the neural code. Further, a…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-10-11 Neha Gupta , Suhith K N

Soft-thresholding has been widely used in neural networks. Its basic network structure is a two-layer convolution neural network with soft-thresholding. Due to the network's nature of nonlinearity and nonconvexity, the training process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Chunyan Xiong , Mengli Lu , Xiaotong Yu , Jian Cao , Zhong Chen , Di Guo , Xiaobo Qu

A convex code is a binary code generated by the pattern of intersections of a collection of open convex sets in some Euclidean space. Convex codes are relevant to neuroscience as they arise from the activity of neurons that have convex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-07-10 Carina Curto , Elizabeth Gross , Jack Jeffries , Katherine Morrison , Zvi Rosen , Anne Shiu , Nora Youngs

Neural codes form an algebraic framework to study the nervous system, and understanding neural codes is a key goal of mathematical neuroscience. Neural rings and ideals are the tools connecting neuroscience and commutative algebra. In this…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Trung Chau

The neural ideal of a binary code $\mathbb{C} \subseteq \mathbb{F}_2^n$ is an ideal in $\mathbb{F}_2[x_1,\ldots, x_n]$ closely related to the vanishing ideal of $\mathbb{C}$. The neural ideal, first introduced by Curto et al, provides an…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-08-26 R. Amzi Jeffs , Mohamed Omar , Nora Youngs

In the past few years, the study of receptive field codes has been of large interest to mathematicians. Here we give a complete characterization of receptive field codes realizable by connected receptive fields and we give the minimal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-30 Raffaella Mulas , Ngoc M Tran

Based upon properties of ordinal length, we introduce a new class of modules, the binary modules, and study their endomorphism ring. The nilpotent endomorphisms form a two-sided ideal, and after factoring this out, we get a commutative…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2012-12-11 Hans Schoutens

A neural code on $ n $ neurons is a collection of subsets of the set $ [n]=\{1,2,\dots,n\} $. In this paper, we study some properties of graphs of neural codes. In particular, we study codeword containment graph (CCG) given by Chan et al.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-27 Suhith K N , Neha Gupta

Neurons in the brain represent external stimuli via neural codes. These codes often arise from stereotyped stimulus-response maps, associating to each neuron a convex receptive field. An important problem confronted by the brain is to infer…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-02-25 Carina Curto , Vladimir Itskov , Alan Veliz-Cuba , Nora Youngs

We develop a convex analytic approach to analyze finite width two-layer ReLU networks. We first prove that an optimal solution to the regularized training problem can be characterized as extreme points of a convex set, where simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

Convex neural codes are combinatorial structures describing the intersection pattern of a collection of convex sets. Inductively pierced codes are a particularly nice subclass of neural codes introduced in the information visualization…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-01 Caitlin Lienkaemper

We give intrinsic characterizations of neural rings and homomorphisms between them. Also we introduce the notion of a basic monomial code map and characterize monomial code maps as compositions of basic monomial code maps. Finally, we…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2020-01-03 Katie Christensen , Hamid Kulosman

The "neural code" is the way the brain characterizes, stores, and processes information. Unraveling the neural code is a key goal of mathematical neuroscience. Topology, coding theory, and, recently, commutative algebra are some the…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2017-06-28 Sema Gunturkun , Jack Jeffries , Jeffrey Sun

Convex algebraic geometry concerns the interplay between optimization theory and real algebraic geometry. Its objects of study include convex semialgebraic sets that arise in semidefinite programming and from sums of squares. This article…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-06-28 Philipp Rostalski , Bernd Sturmfels

We study regularized deep neural networks (DNNs) and introduce a convex analytic framework to characterize the structure of the hidden layers. We show that a set of optimal hidden layer weights for a norm regularized DNN training problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Tolga Ergen , Mert Pilanci

Given an intersection pattern of arbitrary sets in Euclidean space, is there an arrangement of convex open sets in Euclidean space that exhibits the same intersections? This question is combinatorial and topological in nature, but is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-22 Aaron Chen , Florian Frick , Anne Shiu

This paper presents the input convex neural network architecture. These are scalar-valued (potentially deep) neural networks with constraints on the network parameters such that the output of the network is a convex function of (some of)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Brandon Amos , Lei Xu , J. Zico Kolter

The structure of nilpotent symplectic algebras of maximal class has been studied in [8, 5]. In this paper, we study the dual subclass of algebras of minimal class. In particular, we show that symplectic alternating algebras of dimension up…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-07-04 Layla Sorkatti , Özlem Uğurlu , Manisha Varahagiri

We introduce the factor complex of a neural code, and show how intervals and maximal codewords are captured by the combinatorics of factor complexes. We use these results to obtain algebraic and combinatorial characterizations of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-22 Alexander Ruys de Perez , Laura Felicia Matusevich , Anne Shiu

When training a neural network for classification, the feature vectors of the training set are known to collapse to the vertices of a regular simplex, provided the dimension $d$ of the feature space and the number $n$ of classes satisfies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 James Alcala , Rayna Andreeva , Vladimir A. Kobzar , Dustin G. Mixon , Sanghoon Na , Shashank Sule , Yangxinyu Xie