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Reliable state estimation is essential for autonomous systems operating in complex, noisy environments. Classical filtering approaches, such as the Kalman filter, can struggle when facing nonlinear dynamics or non-Gaussian noise, and even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Wonjin Song , Feng Bao

We develop a framework for learning properties of quantum states beyond the assumption of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) input states. We prove that, given any learning problem (under reasonable assumptions), an algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 Omar Fawzi , Richard Kueng , Damian Markham , Aadil Oufkir

The experimental realization of increasingly complex quantum states underscores the pressing need for new methods of state learning and verification. In one such framework, quantum state tomography, the aim is to learn the full quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-30 Antonio Anna Mele , Yaroslav Herasymenko

Recently, tremendous progress has been made in the field of quantum science and technologies: different platforms for quantum simulation as well as quantum computing, ranging from superconducting qubits to neutral atoms, are starting to…

For many quantum systems intended for information processing, one detects the logical state of a qubit by integrating a continuously observed quantity over time. For example, ion and atom qubits are typically measured by driving a cycling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-03 Shawn Geller , Daniel C. Cole , Scott Glancy , Emanuel Knill

We present adaptive measurement techniques tailored for variational quantum algorithms on near-term small and noisy devices. In particular, we generalise earlier "learning to measure" strategies in two ways. First, by considering a class of…

The task of testing whether two uncharacterized quantum devices behave in the same way is crucial for benchmarking near-term quantum computers and quantum simulators, but has so far remained open for continuous-variable quantum systems. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-29 Ya-Dong Wu , Yan Zhu , Ge Bai , Yuexuan Wang , Giulio Chiribella

Scalable estimation of quantum states with readout errors is a central challenge in large multiqubit systems. Existing overlapping-tomography methods improve scalability by working with local subsystems, but they usually assume known or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Amirhossein Taherpour , Alireza Sadeghi , Georgios B. Giannakis

We introduce a self-learning tomographic technique in which the experiment guides itself to an estimate of its own state. Self-guided quantum tomography (SGQT) uses measurements to directly test hypotheses in an iterative algorithm which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-11 Christopher Ferrie

Estimation of quantum states and measurements is crucial for the implementation of quantum information protocols. The standard method for each is quantum tomography. However, quantum tomography suffers from systematic errors caused by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-19 Adam C. Keith , Charles H. Baldwin , Scott Glancy , E. Knill

Many prominent quantum computing algorithms with applications in fields such as chemistry and materials science require a large number of measurements, which represents an important roadblock for future real-world use cases. We introduce a…

We introduce a fast and accurate heuristic for adaptive tomography that addresses many of the limitations of prior methods. Previous approaches were either too computationally intensive or tailored to handle special cases such as single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-16 Christopher Granade , Christopher Ferrie , Steven T. Flammia

Quantum tomography is a process of quantum state reconstruction using data from multiple measurements. An essential goal for a quantum tomography algorithm is to find measurements that will maximize the useful information about an unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 A. D. Moiseevskiy , G. I. Struchalin , S. S. Straupe , S. P. Kulik

We propose an adaptive random quantum algorithm to obtain an optimized eigensolver. Specifically, we introduce a general method to parametrize and optimize the probability density function of a random number generator, which is the core of…

Quantum state tomography is a crucial technique for characterizing the state of a quantum system, which is essential for many applications in quantum technologies. In recent years, there has been growing interest in leveraging neural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Nhan Trong Luu , Tuyen Quang Nguyen , Duong Trung Luu , Thang Cong Truong

Quantum state estimation is important for various quantum information processes, including quantum communications, computation, and metrology, which require the characterization of quantum states for evaluation and optimization. We present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 C. Vargas , L. Pereira , A. Delgado

Fault-tolerant quantum computations require alternating quantum and classical computations, where the classical computations prove vital in detecting and correcting errors in the quantum computation. Recently, interest in using these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Niels M. P. Neumann

In order to leverage the full power of quantum noise squeezing with unavoidable decoherence, a complete understanding of the degradation in the purity of squeezed light is demanded. By implementing machine learning architecture with a…

Due to the exponential complexity of the resources required by quantum state tomography (QST), people are interested in approaches towards identifying quantum states which require less effort and time. In this paper, we provide a tailored…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-02 K. Li , J. Zhang , S. Cong

Quantum state tomography, which aims to find the best description of a quantum state -- the density matrix, is an essential building block in quantum computation and communication. Standard techniques for state tomography are incapable of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-18 Markus Rambach , Akram Youssry , Marco Tomamichel , Jacquiline Romero