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Collecting annotations from human raters often results in a trade-off between the quantity of labels one wishes to gather and the quality of these labels. As such, it is often only possible to gather a small amount of high-quality labels.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Neel Nanda , Jonathan Uesato , Sven Gowal

Annotated datasets are an essential ingredient to train, evaluate, compare and productionalize supervised machine learning models. It is therefore imperative that annotations are of high quality. For their creation, good quality management…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Jan-Christoph Klie , Juan Haladjian , Marc Kirchner , Rahul Nair

Recent advances in computing, communication, and data storage have led to an increasing number of large digital libraries publicly available on the Internet. Main problem of content-based video retrieval is inferring semantics from raw…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2014-04-18 Hadi Restgou Haghi , Mohammadreza Kangavari , Behrang QasemiZadeh

We propose a meta-learning method for learning from multiple noisy annotators. In many applications such as crowdsourcing services, labels for supervised learning are given by multiple annotators. Since the annotators have different skills…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Atsutoshi Kumagai , Tomoharu Iwata , Taishi Nishiyama , Yasutoshi Ida , Yasuhiro Fujiwara

The study of social interactions and collective behaviors through multi-agent video analysis is crucial in biology. While self-supervised keypoint discovery has emerged as a promising solution to reduce the need for manual keypoint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Daniel Khalil , Christina Liu , Pietro Perona , Jennifer J. Sun , Markus Marks

Quantitative analysis of commonalities and differences between recorded music performances is an increasingly common task in computational musicology. A typical scenario involves manual annotation of different recordings of the same piece…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Thassilo Gadermaier , Gerhard Widmer

Modern affective computing systems rely heavily on datasets with human-annotated emotion labels, for training and evaluation. However, human annotations are expensive to obtain, sensitive to study design, and difficult to quality control,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Minxue Niu , Yara El-Tawil , Amrit Romana , Emily Mower Provost

The task of quantifying human behavior by observing interaction cues is an important and useful one across a range of domains in psychological research and practice. Machine learning-based approaches typically perform this task by first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Sandeep Nallan Chakravarthula , Brian Baucom , Shrikanth Narayanan , Panayiotis Georgiou

Free-text explanations extend human label variation (HLV) beyond label disagreement by revealing the reasoning and preferences behind annotators' decisions. We study whether large language models (LLMs) can learn and reproduce such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Beiduo Chen , Pingjun Hong , Ziyun Zhang , Benjamin Roth , Anna Korhonen , Barbara Plank

Visual-based human action recognition can be found in various application fields, e.g., surveillance systems, sports analytics, medical assistive technologies, or human-robot interaction frameworks, and it concerns the identification and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Antonios Gasteratos , Stavros N. Moutsis , Konstantinos A. Tsintotas , Yiannis Aloimonos

Studies of writing revisions rarely focus on revision quality. To address this issue, we introduce a corpus of between-draft revisions of student argumentative essays, annotated as to whether each revision improves essay quality. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Tazin Afrin , Diane Litman

Imitation learning enables autonomous agents to learn from human examples, without the need for a reward signal. Still, if the provided dataset does not encapsulate the task correctly, or when the task is too complex to be modeled, such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Federico Malato , Ville Hautamaki

Training a real-time gesture recognition model heavily relies on annotated data. However, manual data annotation is costly and demands substantial human effort. In order to address this challenge, we propose a framework that can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Junxiao Shen , Xuhai Xu , Ran Tan , Amy Karlson , Evan Strasnick

Large pre-trained language models have achieved impressive results on various style classification tasks, but they often learn spurious domain-specific words to make predictions (Hayati et al., 2021). While human explanation highlights…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Shirley Anugrah Hayati , Kyumin Park , Dheeraj Rajagopal , Lyle Ungar , Dongyeop Kang

We propose a methodology for estimating human behaviors in psychotherapy sessions using mutli-label and multi-task learning paradigms. We discuss the problem of behavioral coding in which data of human interactions is the annotated with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 James Gibson , David C. Atkins , Torrey Creed , Zac Imel , Panayiotis Georgiou , Shrikanth Narayanan

We make available to the community a new dataset to support action-recognition research. This dataset is different from prior datasets in several key ways. It is significantly larger. It contains streaming video with long segments…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-11-19 Daniel Paul Barrett , Ran Xu , Haonan Yu , Jeffrey Mark Siskind

Annotation is a central mechanism in visualization design that enables people to communicate key insights. Prior research has provided essential accounts of the visual forms annotations take, but less attention has been paid to the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Md Dilshadur Rahman , Devin Lange , Ghulam Jilani Quadri , Paul Rosen

This work aims to interpret human behavior to anticipate potential user confusion when a robot provides explanations for failure, allowing the robot to adapt its explanations for more natural and efficient collaboration. Using a dataset…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Andreas Naoum , Parag Khanna , Elmira Yadollahi , Mårten Björkman , Christian Smith

Data annotation is crucial for developing machine learning solutions. The current paradigm is to hire ordinary human annotators to annotate data instructed by expert-crafted guidelines. As this paradigm is laborious, tedious, and costly, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yechi Ma , Wei Hua , Shu Kong

This paper investigates how unitizing affects external observers' annotation of group cohesion. We compared unitizing techniques belonging to these categories: interval coding, continuous coding, and a technique inspired by a cognitive…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Eleonora Ceccaldi , Nale Lehmann-Willenbrock , Erica Volta , Mohamed Chetouani , Gualtiero Volpe , Giovanna Varni