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Related papers: Charting Galactic Accelerations: When and How to E…

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Gravitational acceleration fields can be deduced from the collisionless Boltzmann equation, once the distribution function is known. This can be constructed via the method of normalizing flows from datasets of the positions and velocities…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-08 Aneesh P. Naik , Jin An , Clare Burrage , N. Wyn Evans

One of the major goals of the field of Milky Way dynamics is to recover the gravitational potential field. Mapping the potential would allow us to determine the spatial distribution of matter - both baryonic and dark - throughout the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-11-11 Gregory M. Green , Yuan-Sen Ting

One of the major goals of the field of Milky Way dynamics is to recover the gravitational potential field. Mapping the potential would allow us to determine the spatial distribution of matter - both baryonic and dark - throughout the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-11 Gregory M. Green , Yuan-Sen Ting , Harshil Kamdar

Selection effects, such as interstellar extinction and varying survey depth, complicate efforts to determine the gravitational potential - and thus the distribution of baryonic and dark matter - throughout the Milky Way galaxy using stellar…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-03 Taavet Kalda , Gregory Green

Stellar kinematics provide a window into the gravitational field, and therefore into the distribution of all mass, including dark matter. Deep Potential is a method for determining the gravitational potential from a snapshot of stellar…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-10-03 Taavet Kalda , Gregory M. Green , Soumavo Ghosh

Sampling molecular conformations from the Boltzmann distribution is essential for computational chemistry, but iterative diffusion methods are prohibitively slow. Drifting Models offer one-step generation, yet their equilibrium matches the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Pipi Hu

Analytic distribution functions (DFs) for the Galactic disc are discussed. The DFs depend on action variables and their predictions for observable quantities are explored under the assumption that the motion perpendicular to the Galactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 James Binney

The Boltzmann equation relates the equilibrium phase space distribution of stars in the Milky Way to the Galaxy's gravitational potential. However, observations of stellar populations are biased by extinction from foreground dust, which…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-05 Eric Putney , David Shih , Sung Hak Lim , Matthew R. Buckley

Starting from an axisymmetric equilibrium distribution function (DF) in action space, representing a Milky Way thin disc stellar population, we use the linearized Boltzmann equation to explicitly compute the response to a three-dimensional…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-06-23 Giacomo Monari , Benoit Famaey , Arnaud Siebert

We present a method to calculate gravitational potential gradients within regions containing few tens of thousands stars with known phase space coordinates. The central idea of the method is to calculate orbital arcs for each star within a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-10-10 Rain Kipper , Elmo Tempel , Peeter Tenjes

We present RoadMapping, a full-likelihood dynamical modelling machinery that aims to recover the Milky Way's (MW) gravitational potential from large samples of stars in the Galactic disk. RoadMapping models the observed positions and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-26 Wilma H. Trick , Jo Bovy , Hans-Walter Rix

We present a rigorous and practical way of constraining the Galactic potential based on the phase-space information for many individual stars. Such an approach is needed to dynamically model the data from ongoing spectroscopic surveys of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-07-10 Yuan-Sen Ting , Hans-Walter Rix , Jo Bovy , Glenn van de Ven

The gravitational potential of the Milky Way encodes information about the distribution of all matter -- including dark matter -- throughout the Galaxy. Gaia data release 3 has revealed a complex structure that necessitates flexible models…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-08-05 Taavet Kalda , Gregory M. Green

The only way to map the Galaxy's gravitational potential $\Phi({\bf x})$ and the distribution of matter that produces it is by modelling the dynamics of stars and gas. Observations of the kinematics of gas provide key information about…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Walter Dehnen , James Binney

Considering the GAIA data for {$\approx 10^6$} stars around the {barycenter,} we estimate the fractal dimension for different regions in the Milky Way. Then we use those fractal dimensions to calculate the gravitational potential…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-08-04 T Canavesi

Measuring the density profile of dark matter in the Solar neighborhood has important implications for both dark matter theory and experiment. In this work, we apply autoregressive flows to stars from a realistic simulation of a Milky…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-29 Matthew R Buckley , Sung Hak Lim , Eric Putney , David Shih

Typical stars in the Milky Way galaxy have velocities of hundreds of kilometres per second and experience gravitational accelerations of $\sim 10^{-10}$ m s$^{-2}$, resulting in velocity changes of a few centimetres per second over a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-18 Hamish Silverwood , Richard Easther

We present a method for constructing dynamical models of stellar systems described by distribution functions and constrained by discrete-kinematic data. We implement various improvements compared to earlier applications of this approach,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-28 Eugene Vasiliev , Anja Feldmeier-Krause , Mattia C. Sormani

Considering galaxies as self - gravitating systems of many collisionless particles allows to use methods of statistical mechanics inferring the distribution function of these stellar systems. Actually, the long range nature of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-02-04 V. F. Cardone , M. P. Leubner , A. Del Popolo

Distribution functions (DFs) for dynamically warm thin stellar disks residing in arbitrary axisymmetric potentials are presented which approximately reproduce pre-described surface-density and velocity-dispersion profiles. The functional…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Walter Dehnen
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