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The detection of hate speech online has become an important task, as offensive language such as hurtful, obscene and insulting content can harm marginalized people or groups. This paper presents TU Berlin team experiments and results on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Salar Mohtaj , Vera Schmitt , Sebastian Möller

This paper reports an increment to the state-of-the-art in hate speech detection for English-Hindi code-mixed tweets. We compare three typical deep learning models using domain-specific embeddings. On experimenting with a benchmark dataset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Satyajit Kamble , Aditya Joshi

The dissemination of online hate speech can have serious negative consequences for individuals, online communities, and entire societies. This and the large volume of hateful online content prompted both practitioners', i.e., in content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Julian Bäumler , Louis Blöcher , Lars-Joel Frey , Xian Chen , Markus Bayer , Christian Reuter

The detection of offensive, hateful and profane language has become a critical challenge since many users in social networks are exposed to cyberbullying activities on a daily basis. In this paper, we present an analysis of combining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Sherzod Hakimov , Ralph Ewerth

Computing author intent from multimodal data like Instagram posts requires modeling a complex relationship between text and image. For example, a caption might evoke an ironic contrast with the image, so neither caption nor image is a mere…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Julia Kruk , Jonah Lubin , Karan Sikka , Xiao Lin , Dan Jurafsky , Ajay Divakaran

The detection of offensive, hateful content on social media is a challenging problem that affects many online users on a daily basis. Hateful content is often used to target a group of people based on ethnicity, gender, religion and other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Sherzod Hakimov , Gullal S. Cheema , Ralph Ewerth

Deep models that are both effective and explainable are desirable in many settings; prior explainable models have been unimodal, offering either image-based visualization of attention weights or text-based generation of post-hoc…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-23 Dong Huk Park , Lisa Anne Hendricks , Zeynep Akata , Anna Rohrbach , Bernt Schiele , Trevor Darrell , Marcus Rohrbach

Hateful memes have emerged as a particularly challenging form of online abuse, motivating the development of automated detection systems. Most prior approaches rely on direct detection, producing only binary predictions. Such models fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jingbiao Mei , Mingsheng Sun , Jinghong Chen , Pengda Qin , Yuhong Li , Da Chen , Bill Byrne

Hate speech, offensive language, aggression, racism, sexism, and other abusive language are common phenomena in social media. There is a need for Artificial Intelligence(AI)based intervention which can filter hate content at scale. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Prashant Kapil , Asif Ekbal

In the era of digitalization, as individuals increasingly rely on digital platforms for communication and news consumption, various actors employ linguistic strategies to influence public perception. While models have become proficient at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Sina Abdidizaji , Md Kowsher , Niloofar Yousefi , Ivan Garibay

Algorithmic hate speech detection faces significant challenges due to the diverse definitions and datasets used in research and practice. Social media platforms, legal frameworks, and institutions each apply distinct yet overlapping…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Jan Fillies , Adrian Paschke

With the continuous emergence of various social media platforms frequently used in daily life, the multimodal meme understanding (MMU) task has been garnering increasing attention. MMU aims to explore and comprehend the meanings of memes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Li Zheng , Hao Fei , Ting Dai , Zuquan Peng , Fei Li , Huisheng Ma , Chong Teng , Donghong Ji

It is common practice in text classification to only use one majority label for model training even if a dataset has been annotated by multiple annotators. Doing so can remove valuable nuances and diverse perspectives inherent in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Jin Xu , Mariët Theune , Daniel Braun

Hate speech detection on online social networks has become one of the emerging hot topics in recent years. With the broad spread and fast propagation speed across online social networks, hate speech makes significant impacts on society by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Guanyi Mou , Pengyi Ye , Kyumin Lee

Large language models (LLMs) excel in many diverse applications beyond language generation, e.g., translation, summarization, and sentiment analysis. One intriguing application is in text classification. This becomes pertinent in the realm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Tharindu Kumarage , Amrita Bhattacharjee , Joshua Garland

Multimodal deep learning, especially vision-language models, have gained significant traction in recent years, greatly improving performance on many downstream tasks, including content moderation and violence detection. However, standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zhuokai Zhao , Harish Palani , Tianyi Liu , Lena Evans , Ruth Toner

Detecting harmful memes is crucial for safeguarding the integrity and harmony of online environments, yet existing detection methods are often resource-intensive, inflexible, and lacking explainability, limiting their applicability in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Fengjun Pan , Xiaobao Wu , Tho Quan , Anh Tuan Luu

Online hate on social media ranges from overt slurs and threats (\emph{hard hate speech}) to \emph{soft hate speech}: discourse that appears reasonable on the surface but uses framing and value-based arguments to steer audiences toward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Xuanyu Su , Diana Inkpen , Nathalie Japkowicz

Traditional online content moderation systems struggle to classify modern multimodal means of communication, such as memes, a highly nuanced and information-dense medium. This task is especially hard in a culturally diverse society like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Cao Yuxuan , Wu Jiayang , Alistair Cheong Liang Chuen , Bryan Shan Guanrong , Theodore Lee Chong Jen , Sherman Chann Zhi Shen

Hateful memes have emerged as a significant concern on the Internet. Detecting hateful memes requires the system to jointly understand the visual and textual modalities. Our investigation reveals that the embedding space of existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Jingbiao Mei , Jinghong Chen , Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne , Marcus Tomalin
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