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Program synthesis--the automated generation of executable code from high-level specifications--has been a central goal of computer science for over fifty years. This thesis provides a comparative literature review of the main paradigms that…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Zurabi Kobaladze , Anna Arnania , Tamar Sanikidze

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

Code reasoning tasks are becoming prevalent in large language model (LLM) assessments. Yet, there is a dearth of studies on the impact of real-world complexities on code reasoning, e.g., inter- or intra-procedural dependencies, API calls,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Changshu Liu , Alireza Ghazanfari , Yang Chen , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

The ability to invent novel and interesting problems is a remarkable feature of human intelligence that drives innovation, art, and science. We propose a method that aims to automate this process by harnessing the power of state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Julien Pourcel , Cédric Colas , Gaia Molinaro , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Laetitia Teodorescu

Lowering the barriers to computer programming requires understanding how to scaffold learning. Parsons problems, which require learners to drag-and-drop blocks of code into the correct order and indentation, are proving to be beneficial for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Carl Christopher Haynes-Magyar

Pattern discovery algorithms in the music domain aim to find meaningful components in musical compositions. Over the years, although many algorithms have been developed for pattern discovery in music data, it remains a challenging task. To…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Iris Ren , Anja Volk , Wouter Swierstra , Remco C. Veltkamp

The usefulness of parameterized algorithmics has often depended on what Niedermeier has called, "the art of problem parameterization". In this paper we introduce and explore a novel but general form of parameterization: the number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Michael R. Fellows , Serge Gaspers , Frances A. Rosamond

Formal methods apply algorithms based on mathematical principles to enhance the reliability of systems. It would only be natural to try to progress from verification, model checking or testing a system against its formal specification into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-02-28 Gal Katz , Doron Peled

Program synthesis techniques construct or infer programs from user-provided specifications, such as input-output examples. Yet most specifications, especially those given by end-users, leave the synthesis problem radically ill-posed,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Yewen Pu , Kevin Ellis , Marta Kryven , Josh Tenenbaum , Armando Solar-Lezama

In the burgeoning field of artificial intelligence (AI), understanding the capabilities and limitations of programming-oriented models is crucial. This paper presents a novel evaluation of the programming proficiency of Generative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Zizhuo Zhang , Lian Wen , Shaoyang Zhang , David Chen , Yanfei Jiang

High-quality mathematical and logical datasets with verifiable answers are essential for strengthening the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). While recent data augmentation techniques have facilitated the creation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Kai Xiong , Yanwei Huang , Rongjunchen Zhang , Kun Chen , Haipang Wu , Yingcai Wu

Program Synthesis is the mapping of a specification of what a computer program is supposed to do, into a computer program that does what the specification says to do. This is equivalent to constructing any computer program and a sound proof…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-01-08 Charles Volkstorf

Proof by coupling is a classical technique for proving properties about pairs of randomized algorithms by carefully relating (or coupling) two probabilistic executions. In this paper, we show how to automatically construct such proofs for…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Aws Albarghouthi , Justin Hsu

We present CRUXEval (Code Reasoning, Understanding, and eXecution Evaluation), a benchmark consisting of 800 Python functions (3-13 lines). Each function comes with an input-output pair, leading to two natural tasks: input prediction and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Alex Gu , Baptiste Rozière , Hugh Leather , Armando Solar-Lezama , Gabriel Synnaeve , Sida I. Wang

We explore and formalize the task of synthesizing programs over noisy data, i.e., data that may contain corrupted input-output examples. By formalizing the concept of a Noise Source, an Input Source, and a prior distribution over programs,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Shivam Handa , Martin Rinard

Program synthesis is the task of automatically generating a program consistent with a given specification. A natural way to specify programs is to provide examples of desired input-output behavior, and many current program synthesis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Alexander Suh , Yuval Timen

The evaluation of clustering algorithms can involve running them on a variety of benchmark problems, and comparing their outputs to the reference, ground-truth groupings provided by experts. Unfortunately, many research papers and graduate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Marek Gagolewski

Despite the success of large pre-trained language models (LMs) such as Codex, they show below-par performance on the larger and more complicated programming related questions. We show that LMs benefit from the summarized version of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Kirby Kuznia , Swaroop Mishra , Mihir Parmar , Chitta Baral

Modern program verifiers use logic-based encodings of the verification problem that are discharged by a back end reasoning engine. However, instances of such encodings for large programs can quickly overwhelm these back end solvers. Hence,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Peter Schrammel

Program synthesis strives to generate a computer program as a solution to a given problem specification, expressed with input-output examples or natural language descriptions. The prevalence of large language models advances the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Erik Nijkamp , Bo Pang , Hiroaki Hayashi , Lifu Tu , Huan Wang , Yingbo Zhou , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong