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Topological phase transitions beyond anyon condensation remain poorly understood. A notable example is the transition between the toric code (TC) and double semion (DS) phases, which has two distinct $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological orders in (2…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-16 Qi Zhang , Wen-Tao Xu

We introduce hybrid fracton orders: three-dimensional gapped quantum phases that exhibit the phenomenology of both conventional three-dimensional topological orders and fracton orders. Hybrid fracton orders host both (i) mobile topological…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-06-25 Nathanan Tantivasadakarn , Wenjie Ji , Sagar Vijay

In the study of three-dimensional gapped models, two-dimensional gapped states should be considered as a free resource. This is the basic idea underlying the notion of `foliated fracton order' proposed in Phys. Rev. X 8, 031051 (2018). We…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-09-09 Wilbur Shirley , Kevin Slagle , Xie Chen

In two-dimensional topological phases, quasiparticle excitations can carry fractional symmetry quantum numbers. We generalize this notion of symmetry fractionalization to three-dimensional topological phases, in particular to loop…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-11-12 Meng Cheng

The recent "honeycomb code" is a fault-tolerant quantum memory defined by a sequence of checks which implements a nontrivial automorphism of the toric code. We argue that a general framework to understand this code is to consider continuous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 David Aasen , Zhenghan Wang , Matthew B. Hastings

Coupled-wire constructions have proven to be useful tools to characterize Abelian and non-Abelian topological states of matter in two spatial dimensions. In many cases, their success has been complemented by the vast arsenal of other…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-05-20 Thomas Iadecola , Titus Neupert , Claudio Chamon , Christopher Mudry

We study the boundary states of the archetypal three-dimensional topological order, i.e. the three-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_2$ toric code. There are three distinct elementary types of boundary states that we will consider in this work. In…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-12-13 Wenjie Ji , Nathanan Tantivasadakarn , Cenke Xu

We consider a system consisting of a 2D network of links between Majorana fermions on superconducting islands. We show that the fermionic Hamiltonian modeling this system is topologically-ordered in a region of parameter space. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-07-25 Barbara M. Terhal , Fabian Hassler , David P. DiVincenzo

The S-matrix invariant is known to be complete for translation invariant topological stabilizer models in two spatial dimensions, as such models are phase equivalent to some number of copies of toric code. In three dimensions, much less is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-25 Arpit Dua , Isaac H. Kim , Meng Cheng , Dominic J. Williamson

We discuss the problem of characterizing "quantum disordered" ground states, obtained upon loss of antiferromagnetic order on general lattices in two spatial dimensions, with arbitrary electronic band structure. A key result is the response…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2011-05-05 Liang Fu , Subir Sachdev , Cenke Xu

Inspired by the coupled-layer construction of the X-Cube model, we introduce the X-Cube Floquet code, a dynamical quantum error-correcting code where the number of encoded logical qubits grows with system size. The X-Cube Floquet code is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-11 Zhehao Zhang , David Aasen , Sagar Vijay

Entanglement entropy provides a powerful characterization of two-dimensional gapped topological phases of quantum matter, intimately tied to their description by topological quantum field theories (TQFTs). Fracton topological orders are…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-03-08 Han Ma , A. T. Schmitz , S. A. Parameswaran , Michael Hermele , Rahul M. Nandkishore

We demonstrate that a plethora of higher order topological phases emerge in magnet-superconductor hybrid (MSH) systems through the interplay of a stacked magnetic structure and an underlying triangular surface lattice; the latter being of…

A competition of incommensurate symmetries occurs whenever a system is forced to conform to an ordering that is different from the intrinsically preferred structure of the system itself. As a model system of such a competition, we study the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-15 T. Neuhaus , M. Marechal , M. Schmiedeberg , H. Löwen

We investigate the low-energy spectral properties and robustness of the topological phase of color code, which is a quantum spin model for the aim of fault-tolerant quantum computation, in the presence of a uniform magnetic field or Ising…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-12-13 Saeed S. Jahromi , S Farhad Masoudi , Mehdi Kargarian , Kai Phillip Schmidt

We demonstrate that two toric code layers on the square lattice coupled by an Ising interaction display two distinct phases with intrinsic topological order. The second-order quantum phase transition between the weakly-coupled…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-01-04 R. Wiedmann , L. Lenke , M. R. Walther , M. Mühlhauser , K. P. Schmidt

We investigate the transition between the phases $B$ and $C_b$ observed in four-dimensional Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT). We find that the critical properties of CDT with toroidal spatial topology are the same as earlier observed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-06-24 Jan Ambjørn , Grzegorz Czelusta , Jakub Gizbert-Studnicki , Andrzej Görlich , Jerzy Jurkiewicz , Dániel Németh

It has recently been realized that zero modes with projective non-Abelian statistics, generalizing the notion of Majorana bound states, may exist at the interface between a superconductor and a ferromagnet along the edge of a fractional…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-05-30 Michele Burrello , Bernard van Heck , Emilio Cobanera

At zero temperature, a two-dimensional lattice of Majorana zero modes on mesoscopic superconducting islands exhibits a topologically-ordered toric code phase. Recently, a Landau field theory was used to describe the different phases of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-09-11 Alexander Ziesen , Fabian Hassler , Ananda Roy

We determine the conditions under which topological order survives a rapid quantum quench. Specifically, we consider the case where a quantum spin system is prepared in the ground state of the Toric Code Model and, after the quench, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-08 D. I. Tsomokos , A. Hamma , W. Zhang , S. Haas , R. Fazio