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In Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MIP), a (strong) backdoor is a "small" subset of an instance's integer variables with the following property: in a branch-and-bound procedure, the instance can be solved to global optimality by branching…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Elias B. Khalil , Pashootan Vaezipoor , Bistra Dilkina

Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) solvers rely on an array of sophisticated heuristics developed with decades of research to solve large-scale MIP instances encountered in practice. Machine learning offers to automatically construct better…

Many real-world problems can be efficiently modeled as Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) and solved with the Branch-and-Bound method. Prior work has shown the existence of MILP backdoors, small sets of variables such that prioritizing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Junyang Cai , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina

We propose a hierarchical architecture for efficiently computing high-quality solutions to structured mixed-integer programs (MIPs). To reduce computational effort, our approach decouples the original problem into a higher level problem and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Stefan Clarke , Bartolomeo Stellato

Machine learning components commonly appear in larger decision-making pipelines; however, the model training process typically focuses only on a loss that measures accuracy between predicted values and ground truth values. Decision-focused…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Aaron Ferber , Bryan Wilder , Bistra Dilkina , Milind Tambe

This paper surveys the trend of leveraging machine learning to solve mixed integer programming (MIP) problems. Theoretically, MIP is an NP-hard problem, and most of the combinatorial optimization (CO) problems can be formulated as the MIP.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Jiayi Zhang , Chang Liu , Junchi Yan , Xijun Li , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan

Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) is one of the most widely used modeling techniques for combinatorial optimization problems. In many applications, a similar MIP model is solved on a regular basis, maintaining remarkable similarities in model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Jian-Ya Ding , Chao Zhang , Lei Shen , Shengyin Li , Bing Wang , Yinghui Xu , Le Song

Mixed-integer programming (MIP) technology offers a generic way of formulating and solving combinatorial optimization problems. While generally reliable, state-of-the-art MIP solvers base many crucial decisions on hand-crafted heuristics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Elias B. Khalil , Christopher Morris , Andrea Lodi

This work introduces a framework to address the computational complexity inherent in Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) models by harnessing the potential of deep learning. By employing deep learning, we construct problem-specific heuristics…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-13 Niki Triantafyllou , Maria M. Papathanasiou

In this paper, we describe a novel unsupervised learning scheme for accelerating the solution of a family of mixed integer programming (MIP) problems. Distinct substantially from existing learning-to-optimize methods, our proposal seeks to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-25 Shiyuan Qu , Fenglian Dong , Zhiwei Wei , Chao Shang

The selection of branching variables is a key component of branch-and-bound algorithms for solving Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) problems since the quality of the selection procedure is likely to have a significant effect on the size of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-08-23 Pierre Le Bodic , George L. Nemhauser

Conflict learning algorithms are an important component of modern MIP and CP solvers. But strong conflict information is typically gained by depth-first search. While this is the natural mode for CP solving, it is not for MIP solving. Rapid…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-02-08 Timo Berthold , Peter J. Stuckey , Jakob Witzig

Probing in mixed-integer programming (MIP) is a technique of temporarily fixing variables to discover implications that are useful to branch-and-cut solvers. Such fixing is typically performed one variable at a time -- this paper develops…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Yongzheng Dai , Chen Chen

We consider a discrete optimization formulation for learning sparse classifiers, where the outcome depends upon a linear combination of a small subset of features. Recent work has shown that mixed integer programming (MIP) can be used to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-08 Antoine Dedieu , Hussein Hazimeh , Rahul Mazumder

For almost two decades, mixed integer programming (MIP) solvers have used graph-based conflict analysis to learn from local infeasibilities during branch-and-bound search. In this paper, we improve MIP conflict analysis by instead using…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Gioni Mexi , Felipe Serrano , Timo Berthold , Ambros Gleixner , Jakob Nordström

Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) are highly flexible and powerful tools for modeling and solving complex real-world combinatorial optimization problems. Recently, machine learning (ML)-guided approaches have demonstrated significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Junyang Cai , Taoan Huang , Bistra Dilkina

By exploiting the correlation between the structure and the solution of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP), Machine Learning (ML) has become a promising method for solving large-scale MILP problems. Existing ML-based MILP solvers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Yixuan Li , Can Chen , Jiajun Li , Jiahui Duan , Xiongwei Han , Tao Zhong , Vincent Chau , Weiwei Wu , Wanyuan Wang

Mixed-integer programming (MIP) is a powerful paradigm for modeling and solving various important combinatorial optimization problems. Recently, learning-based approaches have shown a potential to speed up MIP solving via offline training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Junyang Cai , Serdar Kadioglu , Bistra Dilkina

Deriving a good variable selection strategy in branch-and-bound is essential for the efficiency of modern mixed-integer programming (MIP) solvers. With MIP branching data collected during the previous solution process, learning to branch…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Zeren Huang , Wenhao Chen , Weinan Zhang , Chuhan Shi , Furui Liu , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Jianye Hao , Yong Yu , Jun Wang

Global optimization of decision trees is a long-standing challenge in combinatorial optimization, yet such models play an important role in interpretable machine learning. Although the problem has been investigated for several decades, only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiancheng Tu , Wenqi Fan , Zhibin Wu
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