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The mass distribution of dark matter haloes is the result of the hierarchical growth of initial density perturbations through mass accretion and mergers. We use an interpretable machine-learning framework to provide physical insights into…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-06 Luisa Lucie-Smith , Susmita Adhikari , Risa H. Wechsler

We perform a detailed study of the cosmological bias of gravitational gave (GW) events produced by binary black hole mergers (BBHM). We start from a BBHM distribution modeled inside the EAGLE hydrodyamical simulation using the population…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-30 Matteo Peron , Sarah Libanore , Andrea Ravenni , Michele Liguori , Maria Celeste Artale

Galaxies and galaxy clusters trace the same cosmic density field, but their statistics have been modeled separately in cosmological analyses. We present a unified, simulation-based framework to model them using the galaxy-halo connection.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-26 Shulei Cao , Hao-Yi Wu , Andrés N. Salcedo , David H. Weinberg , Matthieu Schaller , Joop Schaye

We present a new method for emulating the halo mass function (HMF) and other distribution functions in large effective volumes, down to low halo masses, whilst simultaneously modifying large ranges of parameters, for a fraction of the cost…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Christopher C. Lovell , Max E. Lee , William J. Roper , Daniel Anglés-Alcázar , Shy Genel , Shivam Pandey , Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro

Machine learning (ML) techniques, in particular supervised regression algorithms, are a promising new way to use multiple observables to predict a cluster's mass or other key features. To investigate this approach we use the \textsc{MACSIS}…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-16 Thomas J. Armitage , Scott T. Kay , David J. Barnes

Cosmological N-body simulations represent an excellent tool to study the formation and evolution of dark matter (DM) halos and the mechanisms that have originated the universal profile at the largest mass scales in the Universe. In…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-12 I. Marini , A. Saro , S. Borgani , G. Murante , E. Rasia , K. Dolag , W. Lin , N. R. Napolitano , A. Ragagnin , L. Tornatore , Y. Wang

We investigate the large-scale clustering and gravitational interaction of baryons and dark matter (DM) over cosmic time using a set of collisionless N-body simulations. Both components, baryons and DM, are evolved from distinct primordial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Raul E. Angulo , Oliver Hahn , Tom Abel

Strong gravitational lensing observations can test structure formation models by constraining the masses and concentrations of subhaloes in massive galaxy clusters. Recent work has concluded that cluster subhaloes are more abundant and/or…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-05-26 Yannick M. Bahé

Understanding the scaling relation between baryonic observables and dark matter halo properties is crucial not only for studying galaxy formation and evolution, but also for deriving accurate cosmological constraints from galaxy surveys. In…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-09 Shun-Sheng Li , Henk Hoekstra , Konrad Kuijken , Matthieu Schaller , Joop Schaye

We study three cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of Milky Way(MW)-sized halos including a comparison with the dark matter(DM)-only counterparts. We find one of our simulated galaxies with interesting MW-like features. Thanks to a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Pol Mollitor , Emmanuel Nezri , Romain Teyssier

Modern hydrodynamical simulations reproduce many properties of the real universe. These simulations model various physical processes, but many of these are included using `subgrid models' due to resolution limits. Although different subgrid…

The hydrodynamical cosmological simulation \eagle{} is used to model the Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) of moderate X-ray luminosity active galactic nuclei (mXAGN), extending previous work using only dark matter simulations and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-06-09 Liliana Altamiran-Dévora , Hector Aceves , Angel Castro , Takamitsu Miyaji

A key ingredient for semi-analytic models (SAMs) of galaxy formation is the mass assembly history of haloes, encoded in a tree structure. The most commonly used method to construct halo merger histories is based on the outcomes of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-28 Sandra Robles , Jonathan S. Gómez , Adín Ramírez Rivera , Nelson D. Padilla , Diego Dujovne

We introduce the Virgo Consortium's FLAMINGO suite of hydrodynamical simulations for cosmology and galaxy cluster physics. To ensure the simulations are sufficiently realistic for studies of large-scale structure, the subgrid prescriptions…

The physical properties of the intracluster medium (ICM) reflect signatures of the underlying gravitational potential, mergers and strong interactions with other halos and satellite galaxies, as well as galactic feedback from supernovae and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-27 Urmila Chadayammuri , Lukas Eisert , Annalisa Pillepich , Katrin Lehle , Mohammadreza Ayromlou , Dylan Nelson

Stellar and AGN-driven feedback processes affect the distribution of gas on a wide range of scales, from within galaxies well into the intergalactic medium. Yet, it remains unclear how feedback, through its connection to key galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-15 Daniele Sorini , Sownak Bose , Mathilda Denison , Romeel Davé

Galaxy formation models within cosmological hydrodynamical simulations contain numerous parameters with non-trivial influences over the resulting properties of simulated cosmic structures and galaxy populations. It is computationally…

Context: We present the first Cosmological Parameter inferences from eROSITA X-ray observations of galaxy clusters using a Machine Learning algorithm. Methods: We train a Random Forest using mock catalogs of clusters from Magneticum…

Next-generation photometric and spectroscopic surveys will detect faint galaxies in massive clusters, advancing our understanding of galaxy formation in dense environments. Comparing these observations with theoretical models requires…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-19 Jonathan S. Gómez , Tomas Hough , Alejandro Jiménez Muñoz , Gustavo Yepes , Weiguang Cui , Sofía A. Cora

As the next generation of large galaxy surveys come online, it is becoming increasingly important to develop and understand the machine learning tools that analyze big astronomical data. Neural networks are powerful and capable of probing…

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