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Effective question classification is crucial for AI-driven educational tools, enabling adaptive learning systems to categorize questions by skill area, difficulty level, and competence. It not only supports educational diagnostics and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Junyoung Lee , Ninad Dixit , Kaustav Chakrabarti , S. Supraja

Morphologically rich languages accentuate two properties of distributional vector space models: 1) the difficulty of inducing accurate representations for low-frequency word forms; and 2) insensitivity to distinct lexical relations that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-02 Ivan Vulić , Nikola Mrkšić , Roi Reichart , Diarmuid Ó Séaghdha , Steve Young , Anna Korhonen

Detecting keywords in texts is important for many text mining applications. Graph-based methods have been commonly used to automatically find the key concepts in texts, however, relevant information provided by embeddings has not been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Jorge A. V. Tohalino , Thiago C. Silva , Diego R. Amancio

Sentence embeddings are commonly used in text clustering and semantic retrieval tasks. State-of-the-art sentence representation methods are based on artificial neural networks fine-tuned on large collections of manually labeled sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Sławomir Dadas

To capture the semantic graph structure from raw text, most existing summarization approaches are built on GNNs with a pre-trained model. However, these methods suffer from cumbersome procedures and inefficient computations for long-text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Ye Liu , Jian-Guo Zhang , Yao Wan , Congying Xia , Lifang He , Philip S. Yu

Unsupervised text embeddings extraction is crucial for text understanding in machine learning. Word2Vec and its variants have received substantial success in mapping words with similar syntactic or semantic meaning to vectors close to each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Furong Huang , Animashree Anandkumar

In emotion recognition from speech, a key challenge lies in identifying speech signal segments that carry the most relevant acoustic variations for discerning specific emotions. Traditional approaches compute functionals for features such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Sofoklis Kakouros

An important task for the design of Question Answering systems is the selection of the sentence containing (or constituting) the answer from documents relevant to the asked question. Most previous work has only used the target sentence to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Ivano Lauriola , Alessandro Moschitti

Automatic Keyphrase Extraction involves identifying essential phrases in a document. These keyphrases are crucial in various tasks such as document classification, clustering, recommendation, indexing, searching, summarization, and text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Abdelrhman Eldallal , Eduard Barbu

Query Expansion using Pseudo Relevance Feedback is a useful and a popular technique for reformulating the query. In our proposed query expansion method, we assume that relevant information can be found within a document near the central…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-02-19 Rekha Vaidyanathan , Sujoy Das , Namita Srivastava

Long-sequence transformers are designed to improve the representation of longer texts by language models and their performance on downstream document-level tasks. However, not much is understood about the quality of token-level predictions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Kamil Bujel , Andrew Caines , Helen Yannakoudakis , Marek Rei

In this paper, the problem of semantic information extraction for resource constrained text data transmission is studied. In the considered model, a sequence of text data need to be transmitted within a communication resource-constrained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Zhouxiang Zhao , Zhaohui Yang , Ye Hu , Licheng Lin , Zhaoyang Zhang

This study investigates the use of unsupervised word embeddings and sequence features for sample representation in an active learning framework built to extract clinical concepts from clinical free text. The objective is to further reduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-16 Mahnoosh Kholghi , Lance De Vine , Laurianne Sitbon , Guido Zuccon , Anthony Nguyen

The Transformer translation model (Vaswani et al., 2017) based on a multi-head attention mechanism can be computed effectively in parallel and has significantly pushed forward the performance of Neural Machine Translation (NMT). Though…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Hongfei Xu , Josef van Genabith , Deyi Xiong , Qiuhui Liu , Jingyi Zhang

Referring image segmentation is a fundamental vision-language task that aims to segment out an object referred to by a natural language expression from an image. One of the key challenges behind this task is leveraging the referring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Zhao Yang , Jiaqi Wang , Yansong Tang , Kai Chen , Hengshuang Zhao , Philip H. S. Torr

We propose an unsupervised method to extract keywords and keyphrases from texts based on a pre-trained language model (LM) and Shannon's information maximization. Specifically, our method extracts phrases having the highest conditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Alexander Tsvetkov , Alon Kipnis

We present an end-to-end, multimodal, fully convolutional network for extracting semantic structures from document images. We consider document semantic structure extraction as a pixel-wise segmentation task, and propose a unified model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-09 Xiao Yang , Ersin Yumer , Paul Asente , Mike Kraley , Daniel Kifer , C. Lee Giles

Automating information extraction from form-like documents at scale is a pressing need due to its potential impact on automating business workflows across many industries like financial services, insurance, and healthcare. The key challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Beliz Gunel , Navneet Potti , Sandeep Tata , James B. Wendt , Marc Najork , Jing Xie

Learning based feature matching methods have been commonly studied in recent years. The core issue for learning feature matching is to how to learn (1) discriminative representations for feature points (or regions) within each intra-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Bo Jiang , Shuxian Luo , Xiao Wang , Chuanfu Li , Jin Tang

Transformer has demonstrated its great power to learn contextual word representations for multiple languages in a single model. To process multilingual sentences in the model, a learnable vector is usually assigned to each language, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Shengjie Luo , Kaiyuan Gao , Shuxin Zheng , Guolin Ke , Di He , Liwei Wang , Tie-Yan Liu