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While a common assumption in graph signal analysis is the smoothness of the signals or the band-limitedness of their spectrum, in many instances the spectrum of real graph data may be concentrated at multiple regions of the spectrum,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-20 Osman Furkan Kar , Gülce Turhan , Elif Vural

The graphlet kernel is a classical method in graph classification. It however suffers from a high computation cost due to the isomorphism test it includes. As a generic proxy, and in general at the cost of losing some information, this test…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Hashem Ghanem , Nicolas Keriven , Nicolas Tremblay

The $k$-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm ($k$-WL) is a very useful combinatorial tool in graph isomorphism testing. We address the applicability of $k$-WL to recognition of graph properties. Let $G$ be an input graph with $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-31 Frank Fuhlbrück , Johannes Köbler , Ilia Ponomarenko , Oleg Verbitsky

Designing expressive Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is a central topic in learning graph-structured data. While numerous approaches have been proposed to improve GNNs in terms of the Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) test, generally there is still a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Bohang Zhang , Shengjie Luo , Liwei Wang , Di He

For graph learning tasks, many existing methods utilize a message-passing mechanism where vertex features are updated iteratively by aggregation of neighbor information. This strategy provides an efficient means for graph features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Jianming Huang , Zhongxi Fang , Hiroyuki Kasai

Graph-structured data arise ubiquitously in many application domains. A fundamental problem is to quantify their similarities. Graph kernels are often used for this purpose, which decompose graphs into substructures and compare these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Wei Ye , Zhen Wang , Rachel Redberg , Ambuj Singh

This paper introduces a novel graph signal processing framework for building graph-based models from classes of filtered signals. In our framework, graph-based modeling is formulated as a graph system identification problem, where the goal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Hilmi E. Egilmez , Eduardo Pavez , Antonio Ortega

Message Passing Neural Networks (MPNNs) are a common type of Graph Neural Network (GNN), in which each node's representation is computed recursively by aggregating representations (messages) from its immediate neighbors akin to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Lingxiao Zhao , Wei Jin , Leman Akoglu , Neil Shah

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are known to match the distinguishing power of the 1-Weisfeiler-Lehman (1-WL) test, and the resulting partitions coincide with the unfolding tree equivalence classes of graphs. Preserving this equivalence, GNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Silvia Beddar-Wiesing , Alice Moallemy-Oureh

Graph neural networks are widely used to learn global representations of graphs, which are then used for regression or classification tasks. Typically, the graphs in such data sets are connected, i.e. each training sample consists of a…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Chen Shao , Zhou Chen , Pascal Friederich

Since the Message Passing (Graph) Neural Networks (MPNNs) have a linear complexity with respect to the number of nodes when applied to sparse graphs, they have been widely implemented and still raise a lot of interest even though their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Muhammet Balcilar , Pierre Héroux , Benoit Gaüzère , Pascal Vasseur , Sébastien Adam , Paul Honeine

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful model to capture critical graph patterns. Instead of treating them as black boxes in an end-to-end fashion, attempts are arising to explain the model behavior. Existing works mainly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yi Nian , Yurui Chang , Wei Jin , Lu Lin

Numerous subgraph-enhanced graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged recently, provably boosting the expressive power of standard (message-passing) GNNs. However, there is a limited understanding of how these approaches relate to each other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Chendi Qian , Gaurav Rattan , Floris Geerts , Christopher Morris , Mathias Niepert

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated great success in representation learning for graph-structured data. The layer-wise graph convolution in GNNs is shown to be powerful at capturing graph topology. During this process, GNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Mingxuan Ju , Shifu Hou , Yujie Fan , Jianan Zhao , Liang Zhao , Yanfang Ye

The lack of anisotropic kernels in graph neural networks (GNNs) strongly limits their expressiveness, contributing to well-known issues such as over-smoothing. To overcome this limitation, we propose the first globally consistent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Dominique Beaini , Saro Passaro , Vincent Létourneau , William L. Hamilton , Gabriele Corso , Pietro Liò

Graph kernels have recently emerged as a promising approach for tackling the graph similarity and learning tasks at the same time. In this paper, we propose a general framework for designing graph kernels. The proposed framework capitalizes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-09 Giannis Nikolentzos , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Graph Weighted Models (GWMs) have recently been proposed as a natural generalization of weighted automata over strings and trees to arbitrary families of labeled graphs (and hypergraphs). A GWM generically associates a labeled graph with a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Philip Amortila , Guillaume Rabusseau

We describe the design of a reproducing kernel suitable for attributed graphs, in which the similarity between the two graphs is defined based on the neighborhood information of the graph nodes with the aid of a product graph formulation.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Asif Salim , Shiju. S. S , Sumitra. S

We present Wasserstein Embedding for Graph Learning (WEGL), a novel and fast framework for embedding entire graphs in a vector space, in which various machine learning models are applicable for graph-level prediction tasks. We leverage new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Soheil Kolouri , Navid Naderializadeh , Gustavo K. Rohde , Heiko Hoffmann

The Weisfeiler-Leman (WL) algorithm is a combinatorial procedure that computes colorings on graphs, which can often be used to detect their (non-)isomorphism. Particularly the 1- and 2-dimensional versions 1-WL and 2-WL have received much…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Sandra Kiefer , Daniel Neuen