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Related papers: Explainable AI for medical imaging: Explaining pne…

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Screening patients for clinical trial eligibility remains a manual, time-consuming, and resource-intensive process. We present a secure, scalable proof-of-concept system for Artificial Intelligence (AI)-augmented patient-trial matching that…

In the context of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), limited research has identified role-specific explanation needs. This study investigates the explanation needs of data scientists, who are responsible for training, testing,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Helmut Degen , Ziran Min , Parinitha Nagaraja

Recent success in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) allow problem solving automatically without any human intervention. Autonomous approaches can be very convenient. However, in certain domains, e.g., in the medical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Andreas Holzinger , André Carrington , Heimo Müller

Artificial Intelligence is rapidly advancing and radically impacting everyday life, driven by the increasing availability of computing power. Despite this trend, the adoption of AI in real-world healthcare is still limited. One of the main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Akshat Dubey , Zewen Yang , Georges Hattab

In the context of AI-based decision support systems, explanations can help users to judge when to trust the AI's suggestion, and when to question it. In this way, human oversight can prevent AI errors and biased decision-making. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Laura Spillner , Rachel Ringe , Robert Porzel , Rainer Malaka

Evaluating the quality of explanations in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is to this day a challenging problem, with ongoing debate in the research community. While some advocate for establishing standardized offline metrics,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Teodor Chiaburu , Frank Haußer , Felix Bießmann

In human-AI interactions, explanation is widely seen as necessary for enabling trust in AI systems. We argue that trust, however, may be a pre-requisite because explanation is sometimes impossible. We derive this result from a formalization…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Nghi Truong , Phanish Puranam , Ilia Testlin

The question addressed in this paper is: If we present to a user an AI system that explains how it works, how do we know whether the explanation works and the user has achieved a pragmatic understanding of the AI? In other words, how do we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Robert R. Hoffman , Shane T. Mueller , Gary Klein , Jordan Litman

The ability to explain the prediction of deep learning models to end-users is an important feature to leverage the power of artificial intelligence (AI) for the medical decision-making process, which is usually considered non-transparent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Truong Thanh Hung Nguyen , Van Binh Truong , Vo Thanh Khang Nguyen , Quoc Hung Cao , Quoc Khanh Nguyen

The success of artificial intelligence (AI), and deep learning models in particular, has led to their widespread adoption across various industries due to their ability to process huge amounts of data and learn complex patterns. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Wei Jie Yeo , Wihan van der Heever , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria , Ranjan Satapathy , Gianmarco Mengaldo

Reliable and interpretable decision-making is essential in medical imaging, where diagnostic outcomes directly influence patient care. Despite advances in deep learning, most medical AI systems operate as opaque black boxes, providing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Pirzada Suhail , Aditya Anand , Amit Sethi

A fundamental research goal for Explainable AI (XAI) is to build models that are capable of reasoning through the generation of natural language explanations. However, the methodologies to design and evaluate explanation-based inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Marco Valentino , André Freitas

With Artificial Intelligence (AI) becoming ubiquitous in every application domain, the need for explanations is paramount to enhance transparency and trust among non-technical users. Despite the potential shown by Explainable AI (XAI) for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Aditya Bhattacharya

Artificial Intelligence has emerged as a useful aid in numerous clinical applications for diagnosis and treatment decisions. Deep neural networks have shown same or better performance than clinicians in many tasks owing to the rapid…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-05 Zohaib Salahuddin , Henry C Woodruff , Avishek Chatterjee , Philippe Lambin

With the digitalization of health care systems, artificial intelligence becomes more present in medicine. Especially machine learning shows great potential for complex tasks such as time series classification, usually at the cost of…

For Artificial Intelligence to have a greater impact in biology and medicine, it is crucial that recommendations are both accurate and transparent. In other domains, a neurosymbolic approach of multi-hop reasoning on knowledge graphs has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Gavin Edwards , Sebastian Nilsson , Benedek Rozemberczki , Eliseo Papa

Explaining Deep Learning models is becoming increasingly important in the face of daily emerging multimodal models, particularly in safety-critical domains like medical imaging. However, the lack of detailed investigations into the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Anees Ur Rehman Hashmi , Dwarikanath Mahapatra , Mohammad Yaqub

Medical toxicology is the clinical specialty that treats the toxic effects of substances, be it an overdose, a medication error, or a scorpion sting. The volume of toxicological knowledge and research has, as with other medical specialties,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Michael Chary , Ed W Boyer , Michele M Burns

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have substantially improved dermatologists' diagnostic accuracy for melanoma, with explainable AI (XAI) systems further enhancing clinicians' confidence and trust in AI-driven decisions. Despite these…

Artificial intelligence (AI) is being applied in almost every field. At the same time, the currently dominant deep learning methods are fundamentally black-box systems that lack explanations for their inferences, significantly limiting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Martina Mattioli , Eike Petersen , Aasa Feragen , Marcello Pelillo , Siavash A. Bigdeli