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Regularization is a set of techniques that are used to improve the generalization ability of deep neural networks. In this paper, we introduce spectral batch normalization (SBN), a novel effective method to improve generalization by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Rinor Cakaj , Jens Mehnert , Bin Yang

Deep neural networks (DNN) have shown unprecedented success in various computer vision applications such as image classification and object detection. However, it is still a common annoyance during the training phase, that one has to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-09 Yanghao Li , Naiyan Wang , Jianping Shi , Jiaying Liu , Xiaodi Hou

Batch Normalization (BN) is one of the most widely used techniques in Deep Learning field. But its performance can awfully degrade with insufficient batch size. This weakness limits the usage of BN on many computer vision tasks like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Junjie Yan , Ruosi Wan , Xiangyu Zhang , Wei Zhang , Yichen Wei , Jian Sun

Batch Normalization (BN) is essential to effectively train state-of-the-art deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). It normalizes inputs to the layers during training using the statistics of each mini-batch. In this work, we study BN from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Mahdi M. Kalayeh , Mubarak Shah

Batch Normalization (BN) is a common technique used to speed-up and stabilize training. On the other hand, the learnable parameters of BN are commonly used in conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs) for representing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-27 Aliaksandr Siarohin , Enver Sangineto , Nicu Sebe

A critically important, ubiquitous, and yet poorly understood ingredient in modern deep networks (DNs) is batch normalization (BN), which centers and normalizes the feature maps. To date, only limited progress has been made understanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Randall Balestriero , Richard G. Baraniuk

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) are hard and time-consuming to train. Normalization is one of the effective solutions. Among previous normalization methods, Batch Normalization (BN) performs well at medium and large batch sizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Xiao-Yun Zhou , Jiacheng Sun , Nanyang Ye , Xu Lan , Qijun Luo , Bo-Lin Lai , Pedro Esperanca , Guang-Zhong Yang , Zhenguo Li

Batch Normalization (BN) has been a standard component in designing deep neural networks (DNNs). Although the standard BN can significantly accelerate the training of DNNs and improve the generalization performance, it has several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yong Guo , Qingyao Wu , Chaorui Deng , Jian Chen , Mingkui Tan

Batch normalization (BatchNorm) is a popular layer normalization technique used when training deep neural networks. It has been shown to enhance the training speed and accuracy of deep learning models. However, the mechanics by which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Hermanus L. Potgieter , Coenraad Mouton , Marelie H. Davel

To build light-weight network, we propose a new normalization, Fine-grained Batch Normalization (FBN). Different from Batch Normalization (BN), which normalizes the final summation of the weighted inputs, FBN normalizes the intermediate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Chunjie Luo , Jianfeng Zhan , Lei Wang , Wanling Gao

Batch Normalization (BN) has proven to be an effective algorithm for deep neural network training by normalizing the input to each neuron and reducing the internal covariate shift. The space of weight vectors in the BN layer can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Minhyung Cho , Jaehyung Lee

Batch Normalization (BN) is a commonly used technique to accelerate and stabilize training of deep neural networks. Despite its empirical success, a full theoretical understanding of BN is yet to be developed. In this work, we analyze BN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Tolga Ergen , Arda Sahiner , Batu Ozturkler , John Pauly , Morteza Mardani , Mert Pilanci

Deep learning based image steganalysis has attracted increasing attentions in recent years. Several Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models have been proposed and achieved state-of-the-art performances on detecting steganography. In this…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Songtao Wu , Sheng-hua Zhong , Yan Liu

Training state-of-the-art, deep neural networks is computationally expensive. One way to reduce the training time is to normalize the activities of the neurons. A recently introduced technique called batch normalization uses the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-22 Jimmy Lei Ba , Jamie Ryan Kiros , Geoffrey E. Hinton

Training Deep Neural Networks is complicated by the fact that the distribution of each layer's inputs changes during training, as the parameters of the previous layers change. This slows down the training by requiring lower learning rates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Sergey Ioffe , Christian Szegedy

Batch Normalization (BN) is widely used in {centralized} deep learning to improve convergence and generalization. However, in {federated} learning (FL) with decentralized data, prior work has observed that training with BN could hinder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jike Zhong , Hong-You Chen , Wei-Lun Chao

Despite the significant success of deep learning in computer vision tasks, cross-domain tasks still present a challenge in which the model's performance will degrade when the training set and the test set follow different distributions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Lei Qi , Dongjia Zhao , Yinghuan Shi , Xin Geng

Batch normalization (BN) has been very effective for deep learning and is widely used. However, when training with small minibatches, models using BN exhibit a significant degradation in performance. In this paper we study this peculiar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Saurabh Singh , Abhinav Shrivastava

In this work we investigate the reasons why Batch Normalization (BN) improves the generalization performance of deep networks. We argue that one major reason, distinguishing it from data-independent normalization methods, is randomness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Alexander Shekhovtsov , Boris Flach

Batch Normalization (BN) improves both convergence and generalization in training neural networks. This work understands these phenomena theoretically. We analyze BN by using a basic block of neural networks, consisting of a kernel layer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Ping Luo , Xinjiang Wang , Wenqi Shao , Zhanglin Peng