Related papers: Orbital Angular Momentum Distribution of Gluons at…
We present a general analysis of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) distribution of gluons $L_g(x)$ inside the nucleon with particular emphasis on the small-$x$ region. We derive a novel operator representation of $L_g(x)$ in terms of…
We present an explicit realization of the Chen et al. approach to the proton spin decomposition in terms of Wilson lines, generalizing the light-front gauge-invariant extensions discussed recently by Hatta. Particular attention is drawn to…
We investigate the relation between the known decompositions of the nucleon spin into its constituents, thereby clarifying in what respect they are common and in what respect they are different essentially. The decomposition recently…
Based on gauge-invariant decomposition of covariant angular momentum tensor of QCD in an arbitrary Lorentz frame, we investigate the relation between the known decompositions of the nucleon spin into its constituents, thereby clarifying in…
We address and solve the long-standing gauge-invariance problem of the nucleon spin structure. Explicitly gauge-invariant spin and orbital angular momentum operators of quarks and gluons are obtained. This was previously thought to be an…
Parton distributions in impact parameter space, which are obtained by Fourier transforming GPDs, are exhibit a significant deviation from axial symmetry when the target and/or quark is transversely polarized. From this deformation, we…
The conventional and linearly polarized Weizs\"acker-Williams gluon distributions at small x are defined from the two-point function of the gluon field in light-cone gauge. They appear in the cross section for dijet production in deep…
One of the challenges of hadronic physics is to fully understand the structure of the proton. In particular, there is nowadays a great interest in the decomposition of its total angular momentum into orbital angular momentum and intrinsic…
Definitions of orbital angular momentum based on Wigner distributions are used as a framework to discuss the connection between the Ji definition of the quark orbital angular momentum and that of Jaffe and Manohar.We find that the…
We reply to the Comment of X. Ji [arXiv:0810.4913] on our paper [PRL 100:232002 (2008)], concerning angular momentum algebra, locality, Lorentz covariance, and measurability of our gauge-invariant description of the spin and orbital angular…
Given a Wigner distribution simultaneously characterizing quark transverse positions and momenta in a proton, one can directly evaluate their cross-product, i.e., quark orbital angular momentum. The aforementioned distribution can be…
In our previous work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 182002 (2022)], we introduced a pioneering observable aimed at experimentally detecting the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of gluons. Our focus was on the longitudinal double spin asymmetry…
A Lattice QCD approach to quark orbital angular momentum in the proton based on generalized transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (GTMDs) is enhanced methodologically by incorporating a direct derivative technique. This…
We calculate the orbital angular momentum of the `quark' in the scalar diquark model as well as that of the electron in QED (to order $\alpha$). We compare the orbital angular momentum obtained from the Jaffe-Manohar decomposition to that…
We show that, when boosted to the infinite momentum frame, the quark and gluon orbital angular momentum operators defined in the nucleon spin sum rule of X. S. Chen et al. are the same as those derived from generalized transverse momentum…
Is gauge-invariant complete decomposition of the nucleon spin possible? Although it is a difficult theoretical question which has not reached a complete consensus yet, a general agreement now is that there are at least two physically…
In the framework of Soft-Collinear Effective Theory, the jet quenching parameter, $\hat{q}$, has been evaluated by adding the effect of Glauber gluon interactions to the propagation of a highly-energetic collinear parton in a medium. The…
We generalize our picture in [arXiv:0904.1744], and consider a pure abelian gauge theory on a four-manifold with nonlocal operators of every codimension arbitrarily and simultaneously inserted. We explicitly show that (i) the theory enjoys…
In a recent paper, we have shown that the way of gauge-invariant decomposition of the nucleon spin is not necessarily unique, but there still exists a preferable decomposition from the observational viewpoint. What was not complete in this…
This work develops a nonlinear analogue of alternating projections on Hilbert space, based on iterating a weighted residual transformation that removes the portion of an operator detected by a projection after conjugation by its square…