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This paper introduces a new variant of domination-related coloring of graphs, which is a combination of their dominator coloring and equitable coloring called the equitable dominator coloring. An equitable coloring is a proper coloring in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Phebe Sarah George , S. Madhumitha , Sudev Naduvath

A proper coloring of vertices of a graph is equitable if the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most 1. Such colorings have many applications and are interesting by themselves. In this paper, we discuss the state of art and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most one. The equitable chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi_=(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-07-17 Zhidan Yan , Wei Wang

An equitable coloring of a graph is a proper coloring where the sizes of any two different color classes do not differ by more than one. A graph is IC-planar if it can be drawn in the plane so that no two crossed edges have a common…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Weichan Liu

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most 1. The equitable chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi_=(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-02 Zhidan Yan , Wei Wang

The Minimum Sum Coloring Problem is a variant of the Graph Vertex Coloring Problem, for which each color has a weight. This paper presents a new way to find a lower bound of this problem, based on a relaxation into an integer partition…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Alexandre Gondran , Vincent Duchamp , Laurent Moalic

A proper vertex coloring of the graph $G$ such that each vertex dominates at least one color class and the cardinalities of the color classes differ by at most $1$ is called an equitable dominator coloring of $G$. The minimum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Phebe Sarah George , Sudev Naduvath

A coloring of a graph is an assignment of colors to its vertices such that adjacent vertices have different colors. Two colorings are equivalent if they induce the same partition of the vertex set into color classes. Let $\mathcal{A}(G)$ be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Alain Hertz , Hadrien Mélot , Sébastien Bonte , Gauvain Devillez , Pierre Hauweele

The {\em acyclic chromatic number} of a graph is the least number of colors needed to properly color its vertices so that none of its cycles has only two colors. The {\em acyclic chromatic index} is the analogous graph parameter for edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-15 Lefteris Kirousis , John Livieratos

A proper vertex coloring of a graph $G$ is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most one. The equitable chromatic threshold $\chi_{eq}^*(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $m$ such that $G$ is equitably $n$-colorable for all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-21 Rong Luo , Jean-Sébastien Sereni , D. Christopher Stephens , Gexin Yu

An equitable coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a (proper) vertex-coloring of $G$, such that the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one. In this paper, we consider the equitable coloring problem in block graphs. Recall that the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Hanna Furmańczyk , Vahan Mkrtchyan

An equitable coloring is a proper coloring of a graph such that the sizes of the color classes differ by at most one. A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable if there exists an equitable coloring of $G$ which uses $k$ colors, each one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-21 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock , Michael J. Pelsmajer

A graph is equitably $k$-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets in such a way that the number of vertices in any two sets differ by at most one. The smallest $k$ for which such a coloring exists is known as…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-10-25 Hanna Furmañczyk , Marek Kubale , Vahan V. Mkrtchyan

If the vertices of a graph $G$ are colored with $k$ colors such that no adjacent vertices receive the same color and the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most one, then $G$ is said to be equitably $k$-colorable. Let $|G|$ denote…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-27 Bor-Liang Chen , Kuo-Ching Huang , Ko-Wei Lih

A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of all color classes differ by at most $1$. For a list assignment $L$ of $k$ colors to each vertex of an $n$-vertex graph $G$, an equitable $L$-coloring of $G$ is a proper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang

Graph colorings is a fundamental topic in graph theory that require an assignment of labels (or colors) to vertices or edges subject to various constraints. We focus on the harmonious coloring of a graph, which is a proper vertex coloring…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Ruxandra Marinescu-Ghemeci , Camelia Obreja , Alexandru Popa

A proper coloring $c$ of a simple graph $G$ is harmonious if, for every pair of distinct edges $uv,xy\in E(G)$, we have that $\{c(u),c(v)\}\neq \{c(x),c(y)\}$. The harmonious chromatic number of $G$, denoted by $h(G)$, is the least positive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Júlio Araújo , Manoel Campêlo , Beatriz Martins , Marcio C. Santos

A proper $k$-coloring of vertices of an $n$-vertex graph is equitable if the size of every color class is $\lfloor n/k\rfloor$ or $\lceil n/k\rceil$. An extension of it to list coloring requires only that the size of every color class is at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-19 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang

Coloring the vertices of a graph G subject to given conditions can be considered as a random experiment and corresponding to this experiment, a discrete random variable X can be defined as the colour of a vertex chosen at random, with…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-01-03 K. P. Chithra , E. A. Shiny , N. K. Sudev

An equitable graph coloring is a proper vertex coloring of a graph G where the sizes of the color classes differ by at most one. The equitable chromatic number is the smallest number k such that G admits such equitable k-coloring. We focus…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-31 Arie Koster , Robert Schweidweiler , Martin Tieves
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