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We present a new technique called contrastive principal component analysis (cPCA) that is designed to discover low-dimensional structure that is unique to a dataset, or enriched in one dataset relative to other data. The technique is a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-23 Abubakar Abid , Martin J. Zhang , Vivek K. Bagaria , James Zou

The widespread use of multisensor technology and the emergence of big data sets have brought the necessity to develop more versatile tools to represent higher-order data with multiple aspects and high dimensionality. Data in the form of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-06-27 Ali Zare , Alp Ozdemir , Mark A. Iwen , Selin Aviyente

The success of machine learning models relies heavily on effectively representing high-dimensional data. However, ensuring data representations capture human-understandable concepts remains difficult, often requiring the incorporation of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-01 Jiayu Su , David A. Knowles , Raul Rabadan

3D contrastive representation learning has exhibited remarkable efficacy across various downstream tasks. However, existing contrastive learning paradigms based on cosine similarity fail to deeply explore the potential intra-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Naiwen Hu , Haozhe Cheng , Yifan Xie , Pengcheng Shi , Jihua Zhu

We propose MNPCA, a novel non-linear generalization of (2D)$^2${PCA}, a classical linear method for the simultaneous dimension reduction of both rows and columns of a set of matrix-valued data. MNPCA is based on optimizing over separate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-11 Joni Virta , Andreas Artemiou

Big data is transforming our world, revolutionizing operations and analytics everywhere, from financial engineering to biomedical sciences. The complexity of big data often makes dimension reduction techniques necessary before conducting…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-01-08 Jianqing Fan , Qiang Sun , Wen-Xin Zhou , Ziwei Zhu

In this paper, we present a general multiparty modeling paradigm with Privacy Preserving Principal Component Analysis (PPPCA) for horizontally partitioned data. PPPCA can accomplish multiparty cooperative execution of PCA under the premise…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Yingting Liu , Chaochao Chen , Longfei Zheng , Li Wang , Jun Zhou , Guiquan Liu , Shuang Yang

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a powerful and popular dimensionality reduction technique. However, due to its linear nature, it often fails to capture the complex underlying structure of real-world data. While Kernel PCA (kPCA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Thomas Uriot , Elise Chung

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a fundamental tool for data visualization, denoising, and dimensionality reduction. It is widely popular in Statistics, Machine Learning, Computer Vision, and related fields. However, PCA is well-known…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-21 Debolina Paul , Saptarshi Chakraborty , Swagatam Das

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a well known procedure to reduce intrinsic complexity of a dataset, essentially through simplifying the covariance structure or the correlation structure. We introduce a novel algebraic, model-based…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-09 Martin Schlather , Felix Reinbott

Principal component analysis (PCA), a ubiquitous dimensionality reduction technique in signal processing, searches for a projection matrix that minimizes the mean squared error between the reduced dataset and the original one. Since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Guilherme Dean Pelegrina , Leonardo Tomazeli Duarte

In our "big data" age, the size and complexity of data is steadily increasing. Methods for dimension reduction are ever more popular and useful. Two distinct types of dimension reduction are "data-oblivious" methods such as random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Fan Yang , Sifan Liu , Edgar Dobriban , David P. Woodruff

This article focuses on the robust principal component analysis (PCA) of high-dimensional data with elliptical distributions. We investigate the PCA of the sample spatial-sign covariance matrix in both nonsparse and sparse contexts,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Ping Zhao , Hongfei Wang , Long Feng

This paper addresses the challenge of spectral-spatial feature extraction for hyperspectral image classification by introducing a novel tensor-based framework. The proposed approach incorporates circular convolution into a tensor structure…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuemei Ren , Liang Liao , Stephen John Maybank , Yanning Zhang , Xin Liu

Data analysis often requires methods that are invariant with respect to specific transformations, such as rotations in case of images or shifts in case of images and time series. While principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely-used…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-30 Florian Heinrichs

Learning in hyperbolic spaces has attracted increasing attention due to its superior ability to model hierarchical structures of data. Most existing hyperbolic learning methods use fixed distance measures for all data, assuming a uniform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Pengxiang Li , Yuwei Wu , Zhi Gao , Xiaomeng Fan , Wei Wu , Zhipeng Lu , Yunde Jia , Mehrtash Harandi

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a well-known linear dimension-reduction technique designed for Euclidean data. In a wide spectrum of applied fields, however, it is common to observe multivariate circular data (also known as toroidal…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-22 Eduardo García-Portugués , Arturo Prieto-Tirado

We explore linear and non-linear dimensionality reduction techniques for statistical inference of parameters in cosmology. Given the importance of compressing the increasingly complex data vectors used in cosmology, we address questions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-12 Minsu Park , Marco Gatti , Bhuvnesh Jain

High-dimensional image data often require dimensionality reduction before further analysis. This paper provides a purely analytical comparison of two linear techniques-Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Singular Value Decomposition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Michael Gyimadu , Gregory Bell , Ph. D

The $k$-principal component analysis ($k$-PCA) problem is a fundamental algorithmic primitive that is widely-used in data analysis and dimensionality reduction applications. In statistical settings, the goal of $k$-PCA is to identify a top…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-12 Arun Jambulapati , Syamantak Kumar , Jerry Li , Shourya Pandey , Ankit Pensia , Kevin Tian