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Spoken language models (SLMs) have advanced rapidly in recent years, accompanied by a growing number of evaluation benchmarks. However, most existing benchmarks emphasize task completion and capability scaling, while remaining poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zehan Li , Hongjie Chen , Qing Wang , Yuxin Zhang , Jing Zhou , Hang Lv , Mengjie Du , Yaodong Song , Jie Lian , Jian Kang , Jie Li , Yongxiang Li , Xuelong Li

Building dialogue systems requires a large corpus of annotated dialogues. Such datasets are usually created via crowdsourcing, which is expensive and time-consuming. In this paper, we propose \textsc{Dialogic}, a novel dialogue simulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Zekun Li , Wenhu Chen , Shiyang Li , Hong Wang , Jing Qian , Xifeng Yan

An automated metric to evaluate dialogue quality is vital for optimizing data driven dialogue management. The common approach of relying on explicit user feedback during a conversation is intrusive and sparse. Current models to estimate…

Previous works on emotion recognition in conversation (ERC) follow a two-step paradigm, which can be summarized as first producing context-independent features via fine-tuning pretrained language models (PLMs) and then analyzing contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Xiangyu Qin , Zhiyu Wu , Jinshi Cui , Tingting Zhang , Yanran Li , Jian Luan , Bin Wang , Li Wang

The aim of this paper is to mitigate the shortcomings of automatic evaluation of open-domain dialog systems through multi-reference evaluation. Existing metrics have been shown to correlate poorly with human judgement, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Prakhar Gupta , Shikib Mehri , Tiancheng Zhao , Amy Pavel , Maxine Eskenazi , Jeffrey P. Bigham

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated substantial capabilities in conversational AI applications, yet their susceptibility to dialogue breakdowns poses significant challenges to deployment reliability and user trust. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Abdellah Ghassel , Xianzhi Li , Xiaodan Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities in various Natural Language Processing tasks. For automatic open-domain dialogue evaluation in particular, LLMs have been seamlessly integrated into evaluation frameworks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 John Mendonça , Alon Lavie , Isabel Trancoso

Natural language understanding typically maps single utterances to a dual level semantic frame, sentence level intent and slot labels at the word level. The best performing models force explicit interaction between intent detection and slot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Henry Weld , Sijia Hu , Siqu Long , Josiah Poon , Soyeon Caren Han

A target-guided proactive dialogue system aims to steer conversations proactively toward pre-defined targets, such as designated keywords or specific topics. During guided conversations, dynamically modeling conversational scenarios and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Maodong Li , Yancui Li , Fang Kong

Dialogue related Machine Reading Comprehension requires language models to effectively decouple and model multi-turn dialogue passages. As a dialogue development goes after the intentions of participants, its topic may not keep constant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Xinbei Ma , Yi Xu , Hai Zhao , Zhuosheng Zhang

We present a framework that allows users to incorporate the semantics of their domain knowledge for topic model refinement while remaining model-agnostic. Our approach enables users to (1) understand the semantic space of the model, (2)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-08-02 Mennatallah El-Assady , Rebecca Kehlbeck , Christopher Collins , Daniel Keim , Oliver Deussen

In this work, we propose a method to create domain-sensitive speech recognition models that utilize textual domain information by conditioning its generation on a given text prompt. This is accomplished by fine-tuning a pre-trained,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-09 Feng-Ting Liao , Yung-Chieh Chan , Yi-Chang Chen , Chan-Jan Hsu , Da-shan Shiu

We propose a new finetuning method to provide pre-trained large language models (LMs) the ability to scale test-time compute through the diffusion framework. By increasing the number of diffusion steps, we show our finetuned models achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Edoardo Cetin , Tianyu Zhao , Yujin Tang

Effective interlocutors account for the uncertain goals, beliefs, and emotions of others. But even the best human conversationalist cannot perfectly anticipate the trajectory of a dialogue. How well can language models represent inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Anthony Sicilia , Hyunwoo Kim , Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Malihe Alikhani , Jack Hessel

Pre-trained language models have made great progress on dialogue tasks. However, these models are typically trained on surface dialogue text, thus are proven to be weak in understanding the main semantic meaning of a dialogue context. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Xuefeng Bai , Linfeng Song , Yue Zhang

Our research demonstrates the significant benefits of using fine-tuning with explanations to enhance the performance of language models. Unlike prompting, which maintains the model's parameters, fine-tuning allows the model to learn and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Mohamad Ballout , Ulf Krumnack , Gunther Heidemann , Kai-Uwe Kuehnberger

Building open-domain chatbots is a challenging area for machine learning research. While prior work has shown that scaling neural models in the number of parameters and the size of the data they are trained on gives improved results, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Stephen Roller , Emily Dinan , Naman Goyal , Da Ju , Mary Williamson , Yinhan Liu , Jing Xu , Myle Ott , Kurt Shuster , Eric M. Smith , Y-Lan Boureau , Jason Weston

Pre-trained language models have shown remarkable success in improving various downstream NLP tasks due to their ability to capture dependencies in textual data and generate natural responses. In this paper, we leverage the power of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Hung Le , Steven C. H. Hoi

End-to-end spoken dialogue models have garnered significant attention because they offer a higher potential ceiling in expressiveness and perceptual ability than cascaded systems. However, the intelligence and expressiveness of current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yifu Chen , Shengpeng Ji , Qian Chen , Tianle Liang , Yangzhuo Li , Ziqing Wang , Wen Wang , Jingyu Lu , Haoxiao Wang , Xueyi Pu , Fan Zhuo , Zhou Zhao

Automatic methods for generating and gathering linguistic data have proven effective for fine-tuning Language Models (LMs) in languages less resourced than English. Still, while there has been emphasis on data quantity, less attention has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Daniela Occhipinti , Michele Marchi , Irene Mondella , Huiyuan Lai , Felice Dell'Orletta , Malvina Nissim , Marco Guerini