Related papers: Normal Subgyrogroups of Certain Gyrogroups

A subsemigroup $S$ of an inverse semigroup $Q$ is a left I-order in $Q$ if every element in $Q$ can be written as $a^{-1}b$ where $a,b \in S$ and $a^{-1}$ is the inverse of $a$ in the sense of inverse semigroup theory. If we insist on $a$…

The Tits Conjecture, proved by Crisp and Paris, states that squares of the standard generators of any Artin group generate an obvious right-angled Artin subgroup. We consider a larger set of elements consisting of all the centers of the…

A subgroup of the automorphism group of a graph $\G$ is said to be {\em half-arc-transitive} on $\G$ if its action on $\G$ is transitive on the vertex set of $\G$ and on the edge set of $\G$ but not on the arc set of $\G$. Tetravalent…

An automorphism of a group G is called an IA-automorphism if it induces the identity automorphism on the abelianized group G/G'. Let IA(G) denote the group of all IA-automorphisms of G. We classify all finitely generated nilpotent groups G…

A groupoid is a small category in which each morphism has an inverse. A topological groupoid is a groupoid in which both sets of objects and morphisms have topologies such that all groupoid structure maps are continuous. The notion of…

The decomposition $\Gamma=BH$ of a group $\Gamma$ into a subset $B$ and a subgroup $H$ of $\Gamma$ induces, under general conditions, a group-like structure for $B$, known as a gyrogroup. The famous concrete realization of a gyrogroup,…

Let $G=C_{p^n}$ be a finite cyclic p-group, and let $Hol(G)$ denote its holomorph. In this work, we find and characterize the regular subgroups of $Hol(G)$ that are mutually normalizing each other in the permutation group $Sym(G)$. We…

For a group $\Gamma$, a $\Gamma$-labelled graph is an undirected graph $G$ where every orientation of an edge is assigned an element of $\Gamma$ so that opposite orientations of the same edge are assigned inverse elements. A path in $G$ is…

An automorphism $\alpha$ of a group $G$ is called a commuting automorphism if each element $x$ in $G$ commutes with its image $\alpha(x)$ under $\alpha$. Let $A(G)$ denote the set of all commuting automorphisms of $G$. Rai [Proc. Japan…

A biased graph consists of a graph $G$ together with a collection of distinguished cycles of $G$, called balanced cycles, with the property that no theta subgraph contains exactly two balanced cycles. Perhaps the most natural biased graphs…

In this paper, we prove two structure theorems for twisted Chevalley groups $G_\sigma (R)$ over a commutative ring $R$ with unity. The first theorem concerns the normality of $E'_\sigma (R,J)$, the elementary congruence subgroups at level…

Let $H$ be a normal subgroup of a group $G$. The normal subgroup based power graph $\Gamma_H(G)$ of $G$ is the simple undirected graph with vertex set $V(\Gamma_H(G))= (G\setminus H)\cup \{e\}$ and two distinct vertices $a$ and $b$ are…

A groupoid G is called an AG-groupoid if it satisfies the left invertive law: (ab)c = (cb)a. An AG-group G, is an AG-groupoid with left identity e \in G (that is, ea = a for all a \in G) and for all a \in G there exists a' \in G such that…

We give a short proof of the following theorem of Sang-hyun Kim: if $A(\Gamma)$ is a right-angled Artin group with defining graph $\Gamma$, then $A(\Gamma)$ contains a hyperbolic surface subgroup if $\Gamma$ contains an induced subgraph…

Let $[n]=\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ be a finite chain and let $\mathcal{T}_{n}$ be the semigroup of full transformations on $[n]$. Let $\mathcal{CT}_{n}=\{\alpha\in \mathcal{T}_{n}: (for ~all~x,y\in…

In this paper we study properties of left (right) division (cancellative) groupoids with associative-like identities, namely, with cyclic associative identity (x (y z) = (z x) y) and Tarki (x (z y) = (x y) z) identities.

Let G be a group and H be a subgroup of G which is either finite or of finite index in G. In this note, we give some characterizations for normality of H in G. As a consequence we get a very short and elementary proof of the Main Theorem of…

Here we introduce the notion of (left, right) $\pi$-$t$-simple, right $\pi$-inverse ordered semigroups and discuss characterizations and relationships concerning them. Semilattice decomposition of left $\pi$-$t$-simple ordered semigroups…

In this paper we make an attempt to study right loops $(S, o)$ in which, for each $y\in S$, the map $\sigma_y$ from the inner mapping group $G_S$ of $(S, o)$ to itself given by $\sigma_y (h)(x) o\ h(y)= h(xoy)$, $x\in S, h\in G_S$ is a…

In this Note, we define a class of stratified Lie groups of arbitrary step (that are called ``groups of type $\star$'' throughout the paper), and we prove that, in these groups, sets with constant intrinsic normal are vertical halfspaces.…