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Related papers: A Variational Perspective on Diffusion-Based Gener…

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Generative diffusion models have emerged as a powerful class of models in machine learning, yet a unified theoretical understanding of their operation is still developing. This paper provides an integrated perspective on generative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-27 Dejan Stancevic , Luca Ambrogioni

We present SURE-Score: an approach for learning score-based generative models using training samples corrupted by additive Gaussian noise. When a large training set of clean samples is available, solving inverse problems via score-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Asad Aali , Marius Arvinte , Sidharth Kumar , Jonathan I. Tamir

Solving ill-posed inverse problems requires careful formulation of prior beliefs over the signals of interest and an accurate description of their manifestation into noisy measurements. Handcrafted signal priors based on e.g. sparsity are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Tristan S. W. Stevens , Hans van Gorp , Faik C. Meral , Junseob Shin , Jason Yu , Jean-Luc Robert , Ruud J. G. van Sloun

Score-based diffusion models are a class of generative models whose dynamics is described by stochastic differential equations that map noise into data. While recent works have started to lay down a theoretical foundation for these models,…

We propose self-diffusion, a novel framework for solving inverse problems without relying on pretrained generative models. Traditional diffusion-based approaches require training a model on a clean dataset to learn to reverse the forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Guanxiong Luo , Shoujin Huang , Yanlong Yang

Score-based diffusion models synthesize samples by reversing a stochastic process that diffuses data to noise, and are trained by minimizing a weighted combination of score matching losses. The log-likelihood of score-based diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-22 Yang Song , Conor Durkan , Iain Murray , Stefano Ermon

Diffusion models have become the de facto framework for generating new datasets. The core of these models lies in the ability to reverse a diffusion process in time. The goal of this manuscript is to explain, from a PDE perspective, how…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-29 Fei Cao , Kimball Johnston , Thomas Laurent , Justin Le , Sébastien Motsch

While diffusion models have shown great success in image generation, their noise-inverting generative process does not explicitly consider the structure of images, such as their inherent multi-scale nature. Inspired by diffusion models and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Severi Rissanen , Markus Heinonen , Arno Solin

Score-based diffusion models are a powerful class of generative models, but their practical use often depends on training neural networks to approximate the score function. Training-free diffusion models provide an attractive alternative by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Pengjun Wang , Zezhong Zhang , Minglei Yang , Feng Bao , Yanzhao Cao , Guannan Zhang

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework in generative modeling, typically relying on optimizing neural networks to estimate the score function via forward SDE simulations. In this work, we propose an alternative method that is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Yuehaw Khoo , Mathias Oster , Yifan Peng

Diffusion models generate high-quality synthetic data. They operate by defining a continuous-time forward process which gradually adds Gaussian noise to data until fully corrupted. The corresponding reverse process progressively "denoises"…

Diffusion models have recently achieved remarkable success in generative modeling, yet they are commonly formulated as black-box stochastic systems with limited interpretability and few structural guarantees. In this paper, we establish a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Majid Darehmiraki

We present a concise, self-contained derivation of diffusion-based generative models. Starting from basic properties of Gaussian distributions (densities, quadratic expectations, re-parameterisation, products, and KL divergences), we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Sepehr Maleki , Negar Pourmoazemi

Diffusion models are often introduced from multiple perspectives, such as VAEs, score matching, or flow matching, accompanied by dense and technically demanding mathematics that can be difficult for beginners to grasp. One classic question…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Candi Zheng , Yuan Lan

We propose a framework to perform Bayesian inference using conditional score-based diffusion models to solve a class of inverse problems in mechanics involving the inference of a specimen's spatially varying material properties from noisy…

Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Bowen Jing , Gabriele Corso , Renato Berlinghieri , Tommi Jaakkola

Diffusion models have shown promising results in speech enhancement, using a task-adapted diffusion process for the conditional generation of clean speech given a noisy mixture. However, at test time, the neural network used for score…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Bunlong Lay , Jean-Marie Lemercier , Julius Richter , Timo Gerkmann

Diffusion models, which convert noise into new data instances by learning to reverse a Markov diffusion process, have become a cornerstone in contemporary generative modeling. While their practical power has now been widely recognized, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-08 Gen Li , Yuting Wei , Yuxin Chen , Yuejie Chi

Score-based generative modeling (SGM) has grown to be a hugely successful method for learning to generate samples from complex data distributions such as that of images and audio. It is based on evolving an SDE that transforms white noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Holden Lee , Jianfeng Lu , Yixin Tan

Score-based generative models, which transform noise into data by learning to reverse a diffusion process, have become a cornerstone of modern generative AI. This paper contributes to establishing theoretical guarantees for the probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-03 Jiaqi Tang , Yuling Yan