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Related papers: Model-free Data-Driven Inference

200 papers

We study prediction-powered conditional inference in the setting where labeled data are scarce, unlabeled covariates are abundant, and a black-box machine-learning predictor is available. The goal is to perform statistical inference on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-09 Yang Sui , Jin Zhou , Hua Zhou , Xiaowu Dai

Machine-learning potentials are usually trained on the ground-state, Born-Oppenheimer energy surface, which depends exclusively on the atomic positions and not on the simulation temperature. This disregards the effect of thermally-excited…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-30 Chiheb Ben Mahmoud , Federico Grasselli , Michele Ceriotti

When data contains measurement errors, it is necessary to make assumptions relating the observed, erroneous data to the unobserved true phenomena of interest. These assumptions should be justifiable on substantive grounds, but are often…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-24 Noam Finkelstein , Roy Adams , Suchi Saria , Ilya Shpitser

This paper develops a data-driven stabilization method for continuous-time linear time-invariant systems with theoretical guarantees and no need for signal derivatives. The framework, based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-01 Alessandro Bosso , Marco Borghesi , Andrea Iannelli , Giuseppe Notarstefano , Andrew R. Teel

Many statistical models in cosmology can be simulated forwards but have intractable likelihood functions. Likelihood-free inference methods allow us to perform Bayesian inference from these models using only forward simulations, free from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-11 Justin Alsing , Benjamin Wandelt , Stephen Feeney

Flood quantile estimation is of great importance for many engineering studies and policy decisions. However, practitioners must often deal with small data available. Thus, the information must be used optimally. In the last decades, to…

Applications · Statistics 2009-11-13 Mathieu Ribatet , Taha B. M. J. Ouarda , Eric Sauquet , Jean-Michel Grésillon

It is important to accurately model materials' properties at lower length scales (micro-level) while translating the effects to the components and/or system level (macro-level) can significantly reduce the amount of experimentation required…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Kazuma Kobayashi , Shoaib Usman , Carlos Castano , Dinesh Kumar , Syed Alam

The issue of discrete probability estimation for samples of small size is addressed in this study. The maximum likelihood method often suffers over-fitting when insufficient data is available. Although the Bayesian approach can avoid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-12-13 Takashi Isozaki

We establish the theoretical framework for implementing the maximumn entropy on the mean (MEM) method for linear inverse problems in the setting of approximate (data-driven) priors. We prove a.s. convergence for empirical means and further…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-25 Matthew King-Roskamp , Rustum Choksi , Tim Hoheisel

We introduce a class of semiparametric time series models by assuming a quasi-likelihood approach driven by a latent factor process. More specifically, given the latent process, we only specify the conditional mean and variance of the time…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-02 Gisele O. Maia , Wagner Barreto-Souza , Fernando S. Bastos , Hernando Ombao

Parameter inference is essential when interpreting observational data using mathematical models. Standard inference methods for differential equation models typically rely on obtaining repeated numerical solutions of the differential…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-16 Alexander Johnston , Ruth E. Baker , Matthew J. Simpson

We postulate a principle stating that the initial condition of a physical system is typically algorithmically independent of the dynamical law. We argue that this links thermodynamics and causal inference. On the one hand, it entails…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-08 Dominik Janzing , Rafael Chaves , Bernhard Schoelkopf

To operate process engineering systems in a safe and reliable manner, predictive models are often used in decision making. In many cases, these are mechanistic first principles models which aim to accurately describe the process. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Timur Bikmukhametov , Johannes Jäschke

The large majority of inferences drawn in empirical political research follow from model-based associations (e.g. regression). Here, we articulate the benefits of predictive modeling as a complement to this approach. Predictive models aim…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-20 Skyler J. Cranmer , Bruce A. Desmarais

Model-form uncertainty (MFU) in assumptions made during physics-based model development is widely considered a significant source of uncertainty; however, there are limited approaches that can quantify MFU in predictions extrapolating…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Teresa Portone , Rebekah D. White , Joseph L. Hart

We develop a data-driven framework for discovering constitutive relations in models of fluid flow and scalar transport. Under the assumption that velocity and/or scalar fields are measured, our approach infers unknown closure terms in the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-01 Suguru Shiratori , Elham Kiyani , Khemraj Shukla , George Em Karniadakis

Recently, various algorithms for data-driven simulation and control have been proposed based on the Willems' fundamental lemma. However, when collected data are noisy, these methods lead to ill-conditioned data-driven model structures. In…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-20 Mingzhou Yin , Andrea Iannelli , Roy S. Smith

As a useful and efficient alternative to generic model-based control scheme, data-driven predictive control is subject to bias-variance trade-off and is known to not perform desirably in face of uncertainty. Through the connection between…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Malika Sader , Yibo Wang , Dexian Huang , Chao Shang , Biao Huang

We present a class of models that, via a simple construction, enables exact, incremental, non-parametric, polynomial-time, Bayesian inference of conditional measures. The approach relies upon creating a sequence of covers on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-05-31 Christos Dimitrakakis

Interval-censored multi-state data arise in many studies of chronic diseases, where the health status of a subject can be characterized by a finite number of disease states and the transition between any two states is only known to occur…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-19 Yu Gu , Donglin Zeng , Gerardo Heiss , D. Y. Lin