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Random number generators (RNG) are an important resource in many areas: cryptography (both quantum and classical), probabilistic computation (Monte Carlo methods), numerical simulations, industrial testing and labeling, hazard games,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Mario Stipcevic

We discuss the current state of the art of Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNG) and their possible applications in the search for quantum advantages. To this aim, we first discuss a possible way of benchmarking QRNG by applying them to…

The security of electronic devices has become a key requisite for the rapidly-expanding pervasive and hyper-connected world. Robust security protocols ensuring secure communication, device's resilience to attacks, authentication control and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-15 Francesco Regazzoni , Emna Amri , Samuel Burri , Davide Rusca , Hugo Zbinden , Edoardo Charbon

Random number generators (RNG) are essential elements in many cryptographic systems. True random number generators (TRNG) rely upon sources of randomness from natural processes such as those arising from quantum mechanics phenomena. We…

As a fundamental phenomenon in nature, randomness has a wide range of applications in the fields of science and engineering. Among different types of random number generators (RNG), quantum random number generator (QRNG) is a kind of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-19 Bingjie Xu , Ziyang Chen , Zhengyu Li , Jie Yang , Qi Su , Wei Huang , Yichen Zhang , Hong Guo

With a growing interest in securing user data within the internet-of-things (IoT), embedded encryption has become of paramount importance, requiring light-weight high-quality Random Number Generators (RNGs). Emerging stochastic device…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Furqan Zahoor , Ibrahim A. Albulushi , Saleh Bunaiyan , Anupam Chattopadhyay , Hesham ElSawy , Feras Al-Dirini

Quality randomness is fundamental to cryptographic operations but on embedded systems good sources are (seemingly) hard to find. Rather than use expensive custom hardware, our ERHARD-RNG Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) utilizes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Jacob Grycel , Robert J. Walls

High-performance computing (HPC) is a major driver accelerating scientific research and discovery, from quantum simulations to medical therapeutics. While the increasing availability of HPC resources is in many cases pivotal to successful…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Vincent R. Pascuzzi , Mehdi Goli

Many Random Number Generators (RNG) are available nowadays; they are divided in two categories, hardware RNG, that provide "true" random numbers, and algorithmic RNG, that generate pseudo random numbers (PRNG). Both types usually generate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Andrea C. G. Mennucci

Surveys of computational science show that many scientists use languages like C and C++ in order to write code for scientific computing, especially in scenarios where performance is a key factor. In this paper, we seek to evaluate the use…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-10-28 Willow Veytsman , Shuang Zhai , Chen Ding , Adam B. Sefkow

C++ Modules come in C++20 to fix the long-standing build scalability problems in the language. They provide an io-efficient, on-disk representation capable to reduce build times and peak memory usage. ROOT employs the C++ modules technology…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Vassil Vassilev , David Lange , Malik Shahzad Muzaffar , Mircho Rodozov , Oksana Shadura , Alexander Penev

True random number generator (TRNG) plays a vital role in a variety of security applications and protocols. The security and privacy of an asset rely on the encryption, which solely depends on the quality of random numbers. Memory chips are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-27 B. M. S. Bahar Talukder , Joseph Kerns , Biswajit Ray , Thomas Morris , Md Tauhidur Rahman

A high-speed random number generator (RNG) circuit based on magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) using an error-correcting code (ECC) post processing circuit is presented. ECC post processing increases the quality of randomness by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Tetsufumi Tanamoto , Naoharu Shimomura , Sumio Ikegawa , Mari Matsumoto , Shinobu Fujita , Hiroaki Yoda

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) can significantly improve the security of cryptographic protocols, by ensuring that generated keys cannot be predicted. However, the cost, size, and power requirements of current QRNGs has prevented…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-03 Bruno Sanguinetti , Anthony Martin , Hugo Zbinden , Nicolas Gisin

Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) serve as high-entropy sources for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) systems. However, the raw data from these quantum sources require post-processing to achieve a nearly uniform distribution. This work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Shubham Chouhan , Anurag K. S. V. , G. Raghavan , Kanaka Raju P

The techniques used to generate pseudo-random numbers for Monte Carlo (MC) applications bear many implications on the quality and speed of that programs work. As a random number generator (RNG) slows, the production of random numbers begins…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-12 Braxton S. Cuneo , Ilham Variansyah

Pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) are widely used in modern computing and are expected to exhibit excellent statistical performance and repeatability. This study evaluates and compares modern PRNGs used in high performance computing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Théau Wartel , David R. C. Hill

Random numbers are an essential resource to many applications, including cryptography and Monte Carlo simulations. Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) represent the ultimate source of randomness, as the numbers are obtained by sampling…

The emerging magneto-resistive RAM (MRAM) has considerable potential to become a universal memory technology because of its several advantages: unlimited endurance, lower read/write latency, ultralow-power operation, high-density, and CMOS…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Farah Ferdaus , B. M. S. Bahar Talukder , Mehdi Sadi , Md Tauhidur Rahman

Pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs) are essential in a wide range of applications, from cryptography to statistical simulations and optimization algorithms. While uniform randomness is crucial for security-critical areas like…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Jianan Wu , Ahmet Yusuf Salim , Eslam Elmitwalli , Selçuk Köse , Zeljko Ignjatovic