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We propose a novel and simple scenario to explain baryon asymmetry and dark matter (DM) by utilizing an early matter-dominated era (EMDE) caused by a heavy metastable particle. Within the EMDE, lack of pressure enhances the formation of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-17 Barmak Shams Es Haghi

There has recently been renewed interest in the possibility that the dark matter in the universe consists of primordial black holes (PBHs). Current observational constraints leave only a few PBH mass ranges for this possibility. One of them…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-05 N. Bartolo , V. De Luca , G. Franciolini , A. Lewis , M. Peloso , A. Riotto

We review the role of primordial black holes (PBHs) for illuminating the dark ages of the cosmological evolution and as dark matter (DM) candidates. We elucidate the role of phase transitions for primordial black hole formation in the early…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-15 Maël Gonin , Oleksii Ivanytskyi , David Blaschke , Günther Hasinger

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) provide a powerful probe of early-universe physics, linking inflationary fluctuations to observable cosmological phenomena. In this work, we use a bottom-up approach to study how PBHs with masses in the range…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Tianning Wang , Evan Grohs , Laura Mersini-Houghton

Primordial black holes are produced in a minimal UV extension to the Higgs inflation with an included $R^2$ term. We show that for parameters consistent with Standard Model measurements and Planck observation results lead to $M_{\rm PBH}…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-02-03 Dhong Yeon Cheong , Sung Mook Lee , Seong Chan Park

The quantum gravity scale within the dark dimension scenario ($M_* \sim 10^{9}~{\rm GeV}$) roughly coincides with the energy scale of the KM3-230213A neutrino ($E_\nu \sim 10^{8}~{\rm GeV}$). We propose an interpretation for this intriguing…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-17 Luis A. Anchordoqui , Francis Halzen , Dieter Lust

Sterile neutrinos are well-motivated and actively searched for new particles that would mix with the active neutrinos. We study their phenomenology when they are produced in the evaporation of early Universe black holes, a novel production…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-12 Muping Chen , Graciela B. Gelmini , Philip Lu , Volodymyr Takhistov

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are thought to have been formed as a result of density fluctuations in the very early Universe. It is suggested that PBHs of mass $\sim 5 \times 10^{14} \mathrm{\ g}$ or less have evaporated through the release…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-09-04 Sajan Kumar

We present the analysis on our new limits of the dark matter (DM) halo consisting of primordial black holes (PBHs) or massive compact halo objects (MACHOs). We present a search of the first two years of publicly available Kepler mission…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Kim Griest , Agnieszka M. Cieplak , Matthew J. Lehner

In this chapter we first describe the early history of primordial black hole (PBH) research. We then discuss their possible formation mechanisms, including critical collapse from inflationary fluctuations and various types of phase…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-24 Bernard Carr , Florian Kuhnel

If very low mass primordial black holes (PBH) within the asteroid/moon-mass range indeed reside in galactic dark matter halos, they must necessarily collide with galactic neutron stars (NSs). These collisions must, again necessarily, form…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-08-23 Marek Abramowicz , Michal Bejger , Andrzej Udalski , Maciek Wielgus

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are supposed to form from the collapse of over-densed regions generated by large scalar curvature perturbations in the radiation dominated era. Despite decades of various independent observations, the nature of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-31 Chen Yuan , Qing-Guo Huang

Recent developments in the study of primordial black holes (PBHs) will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on their formation and evaporation. PBHs could provide a unique probe of the early Universe, gravitational collapse, high energy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 B. J. Carr

It has been suggested that primordial black holes (PBHs) of roughly 30 solar masses could make up the dark matter and if so, might account for the recent detections by LIGO involving binary black holes in this mass range. It has also been…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-26 Hiroya Nishikawa , Ely D. Kovetz , Marc Kamionkowski , Joseph Silk

Small black holes should have formed in the early Universe if the density contrast was high enough. This article aims at giving a - biased and partial - short overview of the latest breakthroughs in this field. It first deals with tentative…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Boudoul , A. Barrau

We discuss formation of dark matter (DM) mini-halos around primordial black holes (PBHs) and its implication on DM direct detection experiments, including axion searches. Motivated by LIGO observations, we consider $f_{\textrm{DM}} \simeq…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-26 Mark P. Hertzberg , Enrico D. Schiappacasse , Tsutomu T. Yanagida

We review the role of primordial black holes (PBHs) for illuminating the dark ages of the cosmological evolution and as dark matter candidates. We elucidate the role of phase transitions for primordial black hole formation in the early…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-09 M. Gonin , G. Hasinger , D. Blaschke , O. Ivanytskyi , G. Röpke

It has long been suggested that a fraction of the dark matter in the Universe could exist in the form of primordial black holes (PBHs) that have existed since the radiation dominated era. Recent studies have suggested that these PBHs may be…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-03 Lewis R. Prole , John A. Regan , Daxal Mehta , Peter Coles , Pratika Dayal

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are appealing candidates for dark matter in the universe but are severely constrained by theoretical and observational constraints. We will focus on the Hawking evaporation limits extended to Kerr black holes.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-01 Alexandre Arbey , Jérémy Auffinger , Joseph Silk

Primordial black holes (PBHs) remain one of the most intriguing candidates for dark matter and a unique probe of physics at extreme curvatures. Here, we examine their formation in a bounce cosmology when the post-crunch universe inherits a…

General Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Florian Neukart , Eike Marx , Valerii Vinokur