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Over the past 10 years, many recommendation techniques have been based on embedding users and items in latent vector spaces, where the inner product of a (user,item) pair of vectors represents the predicted affinity of the user to the item.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Sonya Liberman , Shaked Bar , Raphael Vannerom , Danny Rosenstein , Ronny Lempel

Data heterogeneity is an intrinsic property of recommender systems, making models trained over the global data on the cloud, which is the mainstream in industry, non-optimal to each individual user's local data distribution. To deal with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Renjie Gu , Chaoyue Niu , Yikai Yan , Fan Wu , Shaojie Tang , Rongfeng Jia , Chengfei Lyu , Guihai Chen

The state-of-the-art recommendation systems have shifted the attention to efficient recommendation, e.g., on-device recommendation, under memory constraints. To this end, the existing methods either focused on the lightweight embeddings for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yang Wang , Haipeng Liu , Zeqian Yi , Biao Qian , Meng Wang

Sequential recommendation models have achieved state-of-the-art performance using self-attention mechanism. It has since been found that moving beyond only using item ID and positional embeddings leads to a significant accuracy boost when…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Linsey Pang , Amir Hossein Raffiee , Wei Liu , Keld Lundgaard

Deep learning recommendation models (DLRM) rely on large embedding tables to manage categorical sparse features. Expanding such embedding tables can significantly enhance model performance, but at the cost of increased GPU/CPU/memory usage.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Qinlong Wang , Tingfeng Lan , Yinghao Tang , Ziling Huang , Yiheng Du , Haitao Zhang , Jian Sha , Hui Lu , Yuanchun Zhou , Ke Zhang , Mingjie Tang

On-device recommendation is critical for a number of real-world applications, especially in scenarios that have agreements on execution latency, user privacy, and robust functionality when internet connectivity is unstable or even…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Xin Xia , Hongzhi Yin , Shane Culpepper

In recommendation systems, high-quality user embeddings can capture subtle preferences, enable precise similarity calculations, and adapt to changing preferences over time to maintain relevance. The effectiveness of recommendation systems…

Recommender Systems (RS) have become essential tools in a wide range of digital services, from e-commerce and streaming platforms to news and social media. As the volume of user-item interactions grows exponentially, especially in Big Data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Arimondo Scrivano

Embedding learning of categorical features (e.g. user/item IDs) is at the core of various recommendation models including matrix factorization and neural collaborative filtering. The standard approach creates an embedding table where each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Wang-Cheng Kang , Derek Zhiyuan Cheng , Tiansheng Yao , Xinyang Yi , Ting Chen , Lichan Hong , Ed H. Chi

Embedding models, which learn latent representations of users and items based on user-item interaction patterns, are a key component of recommendation systems. In many applications, contextual constraints need to be applied to refine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Syrine Krichene , Mike Gartrell , Clement Calauzenes

Deep learning has revolutionized many industries by enabling models to automatically learn complex patterns from raw data, reducing dependence on manual feature engineering. However, deep learning algorithms are sensitive to input data, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Mert Sehri , Zehui Hua , Francisco de Assis Boldt , Patrick Dumond

Latent factor models are the most popular backbones for today's recommender systems owing to their prominent performance. Latent factor models represent users and items as real-valued embedding vectors for pairwise similarity computation,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yunke Qu , Tong Chen , Xiangyu Zhao , Lizhen Cui , Kai Zheng , Hongzhi Yin

Large-scale pretrained language models have achieved compelling performance in a wide range of language understanding and information retrieval tasks. Knowledge distillation offers an opportunity to compress a large language model to a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Chen Zhang , Benyou Wang , Dawei Song

Unlike traditional recommendation tasks, finite user time budgets introduce a critical resource constraint, requiring the recommender system to balance item relevance and evaluation cost. For example, in a mobile shopping interface, users…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Sayak Chakrabarty , Souradip Pal

Information technology has spread widely, and extraordinarily large amounts of data have been made accessible to users, which has made it challenging to select data that are in accordance with user needs. For the resolution of the above…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Saman Forouzandeh , Mehrdad Rostami , Kamal Berahmand

Deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs) have been widely applied in Internet companies. The embedding tables of DLRMs are too large to fit on GPU memory entirely. We propose a GPU-based software cache approaches to dynamically manage…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Jiarui Fang , Geng Zhang , Jiatong Han , Shenggui Li , Zhengda Bian , Yongbin Li , Jin Liu , Yang You

Deep neural networks are widely used in personalized recommendation systems. Unlike regular DNN inference workloads, recommendation inference is memory-bound due to the many random memory accesses needed to lookup the embedding tables. The…

The fast development of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers growing opportunities to further improve sequential recommendation systems. Yet for some practitioners, integrating LLMs to their existing base recommendation systems raises…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Nanshan Jia , Chenfei Yuan , Yuhang Wu , Zeyu Zheng

In the vast landscape of internet information, recommender systems (RecSys) have become essential for guiding users through a sea of choices aligned with their preferences. These systems have applications in diverse domains, such as news…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Liangwei Yang , Zhiwei Liu , Jianguo Zhang , Rithesh Murthy , Shelby Heinecke , Huan Wang , Caiming Xiong , Philip S. Yu

Building a scalable and real-time recommendation system is vital for many businesses driven by time-sensitive customer feedback, such as short-videos ranking or online ads. Despite the ubiquitous adoption of production-scale deep learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Zhuoran Liu , Leqi Zou , Xuan Zou , Caihua Wang , Biao Zhang , Da Tang , Bolin Zhu , Yijie Zhu , Peng Wu , Ke Wang , Youlong Cheng