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Enterprise conversational AI systems are becoming increasingly popular to assist users in completing daily tasks such as those in marketing and customer management. However, new users often struggle to ask effective questions, especially in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xiaobin Shen , Daniel Lee , Sumit Ranjan , Sai Sree Harsha , Pawan Sevak , Yunyao Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as integral tools for reasoning, planning, and decision-making, drawing upon their extensive world knowledge and proficiency in language-related tasks. LLMs thus hold tremendous potential for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xudong Guo , Kaixuan Huang , Jiale Liu , Wenhui Fan , Natalia Vélez , Qingyun Wu , Huazheng Wang , Thomas L. Griffiths , Mengdi Wang

Human annotation of natural language facilitates standardized evaluation of natural language processing systems and supports automated feature extraction. This document consists of instructions for annotating the temporal information in…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Tom O'Hara , Janyce Wiebe , Karen Payne

Reward-driven proactive dialogue agents require precise estimation of user satisfaction as an intrinsic reward signal to determine optimal interaction strategies. Specifically, this framework triggers clarification questions when detecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Wei Shen , Xiaonan He , Chuheng Zhang , Xuyun Zhang , Xiaolong Xu , Wanchun Dou

For machine agents to successfully interact with humans in real-world settings, they will need to develop an understanding of human mental life. Intuitive psychology, the ability to reason about hidden mental variables that drive observable…

Though generative dialogue modeling is widely seen as a language modeling task, the task demands an agent to have a complex natural language understanding of its input text to carry a meaningful interaction with an user. The automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Prasanna Parthasarathi , Joelle Pineau , Sarath Chandar

AI agents that take actions in their environment autonomously over extended time horizons require robust governance interventions to curb their potentially consequential risks. Prior proposals for governing AI agents primarily target…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-02 K. J. Kevin Feng , Tae Soo Kim , Rock Yuren Pang , Faria Huq , Tal August , Amy X. Zhang

Despite important progress, conversational systems often generate dialogues that sound unnatural to humans. We conjecture that the reason lies in their different training and testing conditions: agents are trained in a controlled "lab"…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Alberto Testoni , Raffaella Bernardi

In this paper we describe the requirements and early system design for a smart conversational agent that can assist older adults in the reminiscence process. The practice of reminiscence has well documented benefits for the mental, social…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Svetlana Nikitina , Sara Callaioli , Marcos Baez

We argue that an explainable artificial intelligence must possess a rationale for its decisions, be able to infer the purpose of observed behaviour, and be able to explain its decisions in the context of what its audience understands and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Michael Timothy Bennett , Yoshihiro Maruyama

User intent understanding is a crucial step in designing both conversational agents and search engines. Detecting or inferring user intent is challenging, since the user utterances or queries can be short, ambiguous, and contextually…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Ali Ahmadvand

While human-AI collaboration systems have increasingly been built to increase efficiency or support creativity, little work has examined how the design of interactions shapes the social connection between human and artificial agent. We…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Michael Yin , Angela Chiang , Samuel Rhys Cox , Robert Xiao

Recent years have seen an increasing amount of work on embodied AI agents that can perform tasks by following human language instructions. However, most of these agents are reactive, meaning that they simply learn and imitate behaviors…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Yichi Zhang , Jianing Yang , Jiayi Pan , Shane Storks , Nikhil Devraj , Ziqiao Ma , Keunwoo Peter Yu , Yuwei Bao , Joyce Chai

Towards human-like dialogue systems, current emotional dialogue approaches jointly model emotion and semantics with a unified neural network. This strategy tends to generate safe responses due to the mutual restriction between emotion and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Yushan Qian , Bo Wang , Shangzhao Ma , Wu Bin , Shuo Zhang , Dongming Zhao , Kun Huang , Yuexian Hou

Providing user-understandable explanations to justify recommendations could help users better understand the recommended items, increase the system's ease of use, and gain users' trust. A typical approach to realize it is natural language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Lei Li , Yongfeng Zhang , Li Chen

Advanced reasoning models with agentic capabilities (AI agents) are deployed to interact with humans and to solve sequential decision-making problems under (approximate) utility functions and internal models. When such problems have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Daniel Jarne Ornia , Nicholas Bishop , Joel Dyer , Wei-Chen Lee , Ani Calinescu , Doyne Farmer , Michael Wooldridge

The paper deals with the design of an agent which modifies and enhances the various alert systems in the smartphones. The actions of the agent includes sorting the notifications abiding to human thinking, helping the user to have a safe…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2013-05-28 Sandeep Venkatesh , Shreyas Balakuntala , Rajarajeswari S , Nytika N Shetty , Namratha Shetty , Neha Sudhakar

Language significantly influences the formation and evolution of Human emergent behavior, which is crucial in understanding collective intelligence within human societies. Considering that the study of how language affects human behavior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Zhouhong Gu , Xiaoxuan Zhu , Haoran Guo , Lin Zhang , Yin Cai , Hao Shen , Jiangjie Chen , Zheyu Ye , Yifei Dai , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Hongwei Feng , Yanghua Xiao

While it is known that communication facilitates cooperation in multi-agent settings, it is unclear how to design artificial agents that can learn to effectively and efficiently communicate with each other. Much research on communication…

A long-standing vision of computing is the personal AI system: one that understands us well enough to address our underlying needs. Today's AI focuses on what users do, ignoring why they might be doing such things in the first place. As a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Dora Zhao , Michelle S. Lam , Diyi Yang , Michael S. Bernstein