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We prove the existence of immersed closed curves of constant geodesic curvature in an arbitrary Riemannian 2-sphere for almost every prescribed curvature. To achieve this, we develop a min-max scheme for a weighted length functional.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-06-24 Da Rong Cheng , Xin Zhou

We resolve the periodic square peg problem using a simple Lagrangian Floer homology argument. Inscribed squares are interpreted as intersections between two non-displaceable Lagrangian sub-manifolds of a symplectic 4-torus.

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-07-31 Cole Hugelmeyer

We obtain all extreme and exposed points of the closed unit ball of the space of bilinear forms $T:\ell_{\infty}^{2}\times\ell_{\infty}^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}.$ We also show that any (norm one) bilinear form $T:\ell_{\infty…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-08-04 Wasthenny Cavalcante , Daniel Pellegrino

The $p$-widths of a closed Riemannian manifold are a nonlinear analogue of the spectrum of its Laplace--Beltrami operator, which corresponds to areas of a certain min-max sequence of possibly singular minimal submanifolds. We show that the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-08-03 Otis Chodosh , Christos Mantoulidis

Let $(\Sigma,p)$ be a pointed Riemann surface of genus $g\geq 1$. For any integer $k\geq 1$, we parametrize the space of meromorphic quadratic differentials on $\Sigma$ with a pole of order $(k+2)$ at $p$, having a connected critical graph…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-05-13 Subhojoy Gupta , Michael Wolf

Lower and upper bounds for a given function are important in many mathematical and engineering contexts, where they often serve as a base for both analysis and application. In this short paper, we derive piecewise linear and quadratic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-06-17 Gene A. Bunin , Grégory François , Dominique Bonvin

Tutte's spring embedding theorem states that, for a three-connected planar graph, if the outer face of the graph is fixed as the complement of some convex region in the plane, and all other vertices are placed at the mass center of their…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-10 John C. Urschel , Ludmil T. Zikatanov

We prove that the bilinear Hilbert transforms and maximal functions along certain general plane curves are bounded from $L^2(\mathbb{R})\times L^2(\mathbb{R})$ to $L^1(\mathbb{R})$.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2014-03-24 Jingwei Guo , Lechao Xiao

We obtain a formula for the number of genus two curves with a fixed complex structure of a given degree on a del-Pezzo surface that pass through an appropriate number of generic points of the surface. This is done by extending the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-02-21 Indranil Biswas , Ritwik Mukherjee , Varun Thakre

We prove the Lefschetz hyperplane section theorem using a simpler machinery by making the observation that we can compose the Lefschetz Pencil with a Real Morse function to get a map from the variety to $\mathbb{R}$ which is "close" to…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Nima Rose Manjila , A. J. Parameswaran

If dividing by $p$ is a mistake, multiply by $q$ and translate, and so you'll live to iterate. We show that if we define a Collatz-like map in this form then, under suitable conditions on $p$ and $q$, almost all orbits of this map attain…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Felipe Gonçalves , Rachel Greenfeld , Jose Madrid

In the long paper "Family Blowup formula, Admissible Graphs and the Enumeration of Singular Curves (I)" (appearing in JDG), the author solved the enumeration problem of nodal (or general singular) curve counting on algebraic surfaces by…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ai-Ko Liu

Let $A\subset [1, 2]$ be a $(\delta, \sigma)$-set with measure $|A|=\delta^{1-\sigma}$ in the sense of Katz and Tao. For $\sigma\in (1/2, 1)$ we show that $$ |A+A|+|AA|\gtrapprox \delta^{-c}|A|, $$ for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-26 Changhao Chen

We prove that a simple closed plane curve with curvature at most 1 and diameter at least 4, surrounds two disjoint open unit disks. We also pose an open question relating the diameter lower bound to the length of the curve.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Berk Ceylan

We show that there are infinitely many elliptic curves $E/\mathbb{Q}$, up to isomorphism over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$, for which the finitely generated group $E(\mathbb{Q})$ has rank exactly $2$. Our elliptic curves are given by explicit…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-05 David Zywina

A well known Euler's formula consequence's corollary in graph theory states that: For a connected simple planar graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, and girth $g$, we have $m \leq \frac{g}{g-2}(n-2)$. We show that a connected simple plane…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-08 Niran Abbas Ali , Gek L. Chiab , Hazim Michman Trao , Adem Kilicman

We give asymptotic bounds for the optimal Lipschitz constants for the systole map from the Teichmuller space to the curve complex. We give similar results to those known for closed surfaces in the cases when the genus is fixed or the ratio…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-09-10 Aaron D. Valdivia

This paper considers the task of connecting points on a piece of paper by drawing a curve between each pair of them. Under mild assumptions, we prove that many pairwise disjoint curves are unavoidable if either of the following rules is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Alexandra Weinberger , Ji Zeng

For any number field $K$ and integer $0\leq r \leq 4$, we prove that there are infinitely many elliptic curves over $K$ of rank $r$. Our elliptic curves are obtained by specializing well-chosen nonisotrivial elliptic curves over the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-12 David Zywina

In this paper, we prove a theorem on tight paths in convex geometric hypergraphs, which is asymptotically sharp in infinitely many cases. Our geometric theorem is a common generalization of early results of Hopf and Pannwitz [12],…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-30 Zoltán F\" uredi , Tao Jiang , Alexandr Kostochka , Dhruv Mubayi , Jacques Verstraëte