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The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a widely studied quantum-classical iterative heuristic for combinatorial optimisation. While QAOA targets problems in complexity class NP, the classical optimisation procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Tom Krüger , Wolfgang Mauerer

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has the potential to approximately solve complex combinatorial optimization problems in polynomial time. However, current noisy quantum devices cannot solve large problems due to…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a general-purpose algorithm for combinatorial optimization. In this paper, we analyze the performance of the QAOA on a statistical estimation problem, namely, the spiked tensor model,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Leo Zhou , Joao Basso , Song Mei

We present the MPS-JuliQAOA simulator, a user-friendly, open-source tool to simulate the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) of any optimization problem that can be expressed as diagonal Hamiltonian. By leveraging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-11 Sean Feeney , Reuben Tate , John Golden , Stephan Eidenbenz

We report a proof-of-principle implementation of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) for the smallest nontrivial MAX-CUT instance on an NV-center-based quantum processor operating at room temperature. The two-qubit…

Quantum computers are expected to offer significant advantages in solving complex optimization problems that are challenging for classical computers. Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems represent an important class…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-15 Teemu Pihkakoski , Aravind Plathanam Babu , Pauli Taipale , Petri Liimatta , Matti Silveri

Variational quantum algorithms are believed to be promising for solving computationally hard problems and are often comprised of repeated layers of quantum gates. An example thereof is the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA),…

Quantum computers and simulators may offer significant advantages over their classical counterparts, providing insights into quantum many-body systems and possibly improving performance for solving exponentially hard problems, such as…

The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a leading candidate for near-term quantum advantage, yet its practical impact is hindered by limited performance on symmetric local Hamiltonians and the costly optimisation of…

The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving combinatorial optimisation problems. QAOA encodes solutions into the ground state of a Hamiltonian, approximated by a $p$-level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 V Vijendran , Dax Enshan Koh , Eunok Bae , Hyukjoon Kwon , Ping Koy Lam , Syed M Assad

We present a method to split quantum circuits of variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to allow for parallel training and execution, that maximally exploits the limited number of qubits in hardware to solve large problem instances. We apply…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-07 Michele Cattelan , Sheir Yarkoni

A promising approach to the practical application of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is finding QAOA parameters classically in simulation and sampling the solutions from QAOA with optimized parameters on a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Ruslan Shaydulin , Stefan M. Wild

Quantum computing is a promising technology to address combinatorial optimization problems, for example via the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). Its potential, however, hinges on scaling toy problems to sizes relevant for…

Quantum approximate optimization algorithms are hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithms designed to approximately solve combinatorial optimization problems such as the MAX-CUT problem. In spite of its potential for near-term quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Eunok Bae , Soojoon Lee

In this work, we compare the performance of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) with state-of-the-art classical solvers such as Gurobi and MQLib to solve the combinatorial optimization problem MaxCut on 3-regular graphs.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-01 Danylo Lykov , Jonathan Wurtz , Cody Poole , Mark Saffman , Tom Noel , Yuri Alexeev

We apply digitized Quantum Annealing (QA) and Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to a paradigmatic task of supervised learning in artificial neural networks: the optimization of synaptic weights for the binary perceptron. At…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-21 Pietro Torta , Glen B. Mbeng , Carlo Baldassi , Riccardo Zecchina , Giuseppe E. Santoro

This paper presents a numerical simulation investigation of the Warm-Start Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) as proposed by Tate et al. [1], focusing on its application to 3-regular Max-Cut problems. Our study demonstrates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-16 Sean Feeney , Reuben Tate , Stephan Eidenbenz

This study explores the implementation of the Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) in its analog form using a neutral atom quantum processing unit to solve the Maximum Independent Set problem. The analog QAOA leverages the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Simone Tibaldi , Lucas Leclerc , Davide Vodola , Edoardo Tignone , Elisa Ercolessi

QAOA is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to solve optimization problems in gate-based quantum computers. It is based on a variational quantum circuit that can be interpreted as a discretization of the annealing process that quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Francisco Chicano , Zakaria Abdelmoiz Dahi , Gabriel Luque

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has become a cornerstone of contemporary quantum applications development. In QAOA, a quantum circuit is trained -- by repeatedly adjusting circuit parameters -- to solve a problem.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-17 V. Akshay , D. Rabinovich , E. Campos , J. Biamonte