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Deterministic variables are variables that are fully explained by one or more parent variables. They commonly arise when a variable has been algebraically constructed from one or more parent variables, as with composite variables, and in…

In this paper, we study a hypothesis test to determine the underlying directed graph structure of nodes in a network, where the nodes represent random processes and the direction of the links indicate a causal relationship between said…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Sina Molavipour , Germán Bassi , Mikael Skoglund

We consider the problem of jointly estimating multiple related directed acyclic graph (DAG) models based on high-dimensional data from each graph. This problem is motivated by the task of learning gene regulatory networks based on gene…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Yuhao Wang , Santiago Segarra , Caroline Uhler

Counting and uniform sampling of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from a Markov equivalence class are fundamental tasks in graphical causal analysis. In this paper, we show that these tasks can be performed in polynomial time, solving a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Marcel Wienöbst , Max Bannach , Maciej Liśkiewicz

A directed acyclic graph (DAG) is the most common graphical model for representing causal relationships among a set of variables. When restricted to using only observational data, the structure of the ground truth DAG is identifiable only…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-12 AmirEmad Ghassami , Saber Salehkaleybar , Negar Kiyavash , Kun Zhang

The assumed causal relationships depicted in a DAG are interpreted using a set of rules called D-separation rules. Although these rules can be implemented automatically using standard software, at least a basic understanding of their…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-20 Fernando Pires Hartwig , Timothy Feeney , Neil Davies

Causal DAGs(Directed Acyclic Graphs) are usually considered in a 2D plane. Edges indicate causal effects' directions and imply their corresponding time-passings. Due to the natural restriction of statistical models, effect estimation is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jia Li , Xiang Li , Xiaowei Jia , Michael Steinbach , Vipin Kumar

This work initiates a systematic investigation of testing high-dimensional structured distributions by focusing on testing Bayesian networks -- the prototypical family of directed graphical models. A Bayesian network is defined by a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Clement Canonne , Ilias Diakonikolas , Daniel Kane , Alistair Stewart

This paper explores the conditions for determining fixed nodes in structured networks, specifically focusing on directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We introduce several necessary and sufficient conditions for determining fixed nodes in…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Nam-jin Park , Yeong-Ung Kim , Hyo-Sung Ahn

The investigation of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) encoding the same Markov property, that is the same conditional independence relations of multivariate observational distributions, has a long tradition; many algorithms exist for model…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-09-27 Alain Hauser , Peter Bühlmann

Learning directed acyclic graph (DAG) that describes the causality of observed data is a very challenging but important task. Due to the limited quantity and quality of observed data, and non-identifiability of causal graph, it is almost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Dezhi Yang , Guoxian Yu , Jun Wang , Zhengtian Wu , Maozu Guo

Counting and sampling directed acyclic graphs from a Markov equivalence class are fundamental tasks in graphical causal analysis. In this paper we show that these tasks can be performed in polynomial time, solving a long-standing open…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Marcel Wienöbst , Max Bannach , Maciej Liśkiewicz

There has been a growing interest in causal learning in recent years. Commonly used representations of causal structures, including Bayesian networks and structural equation models (SEM), take the form of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs). We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Pavel Rytir , Ales Wodecki , Jakub Marecek

Directed acyclic graphs are the basic representation of the structure underlying Bayesian networks, which represent multivariate probability distributions. In many practical applications, such as the reverse engineering of gene regulatory…

Computation · Statistics 2013-11-15 Jack Kuipers , Giusi Moffa

Causal discovery from observational data is a challenging task that can only be solved up to a set of equivalent solutions, called an equivalence class. Such classes, which are often large in size, encode uncertainties about the orientation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Philippe Brouillard , Perouz Taslakian , Alexandre Lacoste , Sebastien Lachapelle , Alexandre Drouin

Given data sampled from a number of variables, one is often interested in the underlying causal relationships in the form of a directed acyclic graph. In the general case, without interventions on some of the variables it is only possible…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-05 Christopher Nowzohour , Peter Bühlmann

Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are a standard tool in causal modeling, but their suitability for capturing the complexity of large-scale multimodal data is questionable. In practice, real-world multimodal datasets are often collected from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuhang Liu , Zhen Zhang , Dong Gong , Erdun Gao , Biwei Huang , Mingming Gong , Anton van den Hengel , Kun Zhang , Javen Qinfeng Shi

An acyclic causal structure can be described with directed acyclic graph (DAG), where arrows indicate the possibility of direct causation. The task of learning this structure from data is known as "causal discovery." Diverse populations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Bijan Mazaheri , Spencer Gordon , Yuval Rabani , Leonard Schulman

We analyze a new property of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), called layerwidth, arising from a class of DAGs proposed by Eiter and Lukasiewicz. This class of DAGs permits certain problems of structural model-based causality and explanation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-12-12 Mark Hopkins

Score-based approaches in the structure learning task are thriving because of their scalability. Continuous relaxation has been the key reason for this advancement. Despite achieving promising outcomes, most of these methods are still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Quang-Duy Tran , Phuoc Nguyen , Bao Duong , Thin Nguyen