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Detecting test-time distribution shift has emerged as a key capability for safely deployed machine learning models, with the question being tackled under various guises in recent years. In this paper, we aim to provide a consolidated view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Hongjun Wang , Sagar Vaze , Kai Han

Generalized Zero-Shot Learning (GZSL) is a challenging task requiring accurate classification of both seen and unseen classes. Within this domain, Audio-visual GZSL emerges as an extremely exciting yet difficult task, given the inclusion of…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Liuyuan Wen

Heterogeneous graph few-shot learning (HGFL) has been developed to address the label sparsity issue in heterogeneous graphs (HGs), which consist of various types of nodes and edges. The core concept of HGFL is to extract knowledge from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Pengfei Ding , Yan Wang , Guanfeng Liu , Nan Wang , Xiaofang Zhou

This paper studies few-shot learning via representation learning, where one uses $T$ source tasks with $n_1$ data per task to learn a representation in order to reduce the sample complexity of a target task for which there is only $n_2 (\ll…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Simon S. Du , Wei Hu , Sham M. Kakade , Jason D. Lee , Qi Lei

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection identifies test samples that fall outside a model's training distribution, a capability critical for safe deployment in high-stakes applications. Standard OOD detectors are trained on a specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shawn Li , You Qin , Jiate Li , Charith Peris , Lisa Bauer , Roger Zimmermann , Yue Zhao

Few-shot dataset generalization is a challenging variant of the well-studied few-shot classification problem where a diverse training set of several datasets is given, for the purpose of training an adaptable model that can then learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Eleni Triantafillou , Hugo Larochelle , Richard Zemel , Vincent Dumoulin

Few-shot learning aims to recognize new categories using very few labeled samples. Although few-shot learning has witnessed promising development in recent years, most existing methods adopt an average operation to calculate prototypes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Minglei Yuan , Wenhai Wang , Tao Wang , Chunhao Cai , Qian Xu , Tong Lu

Deep Learning shows very good performance when trained on large labeled data sets. The problem of training a deep net on a few or one sample per class requires a different learning approach which can generalize to unseen classes using only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Jinchao Liu , Stuart J. Gibson , Margarita Osadchy

Few-shot learning or meta-learning leverages the data scarcity problem in machine learning. Traditionally, training data requires a multitude of samples and labeling for supervised learning. To address this issue, we propose a one-shot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Atik Faysal , Mohammad Rostami , Huaxia Wang , Avimanyu Sahoo , Ryan Antle

Applying machine learning to increasingly high-dimensional problems with sparse or biased training data increases the risk that a model is used on inputs outside its training domain. For such out-of-distribution (OOD) inputs, the model can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Juniper Tyree , Andreas Rupp , Petri S. Clusius , Michael H. Boy

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a critical task for the safe deployment of machine learning models in the real world. Existing prototype-based representation learning methods have demonstrated exceptional performance. Specifically,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Ningkang Peng , JiuTao Zhou , Yuhao Zhang , Xiaoqian Peng , Qianfeng Yu , Linjing Qian , Tingyu Lu , Yi Chen , Yanhui Gu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for determining when a supervised model encounters inputs that differ meaningfully from its training distribution. While widely studied in classification, OOD detection for regression and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-16 Min Lu , Hemant Ishwaran

Few-shot classification is the task of predicting the category of an example from a set of few labeled examples. The number of labeled examples per category is called the number of shots (or shot number). Recent works tackle this task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Tianshi Cao , Marc Law , Sanja Fidler

Out-of-distribution detection is a common issue in deploying vision models in practice and solving it is an essential building block in safety critical applications. Most of the existing OOD detection solutions focus on improving the OOD…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Tomas Vojir , Jan Sochman , Rahaf Aljundi , Jiri Matas

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods often exploit auxiliary outliers to train model identifying OOD samples, especially discovering challenging outliers from auxiliary outliers dataset to improve OOD detection. However, they may…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yichen Bai , Zongbo Han , Changqing Zhang , Bing Cao , Xiaoheng Jiang , Qinghua Hu

Few-shot classification consists of learning a predictive model that is able to effectively adapt to a new class, given only a few annotated samples. To solve this challenging problem, meta-learning has become a popular paradigm that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Nikita Dvornik , Cordelia Schmid , Julien Mairal

Uncertainty estimation is a key component in any deployed machine learning system. One way to evaluate uncertainty estimation is using "out-of-distribution" (OoD) detection, that is, distinguishing between the training data distribution and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Haiwen Huang , Joost van Amersfoort , Yarin Gal

In the real world, a learning system could receive an input that is unlike anything it has seen during training. Unfortunately, out-of-distribution samples can lead to unpredictable behaviour. We need to know whether any given input belongs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Alireza Shafaei , Mark Schmidt , James J. Little

In an out-of-distribution (OOD) detection problem, samples of known classes(also called in-distribution classes) are used to train a special classifier. In testing, the classifier can (1) classify the test samples of known classes to their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Sepideh Esmaeilpour , Bing Liu , Eric Robertson , Lei Shu

Popular approaches for few-shot classification consist of first learning a generic data representation based on a large annotated dataset, before adapting the representation to new classes given only a few labeled samples. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Nikita Dvornik , Cordelia Schmid , Julien Mairal