Related papers: The paradox of the infinity

Given a real number $\alpha \in (0,1)$, we define the Webster sequence of density $\alpha$ to be $W_\alpha = (\lceil(n-1/2) / \alpha\rceil)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$, where $\lceil x \rceil$ is the ceiling function. It is known that if $\alpha$ and…

We investigate the parity of the coefficients of certain eta-quotients, extensively examining the case of $m$-regular partitions. Our theorems concern the density of their odd values, in particular establishing lacunarity modulo 2 for…

A set of integers $S \subset \mathbb{N}$ is an $\alpha$-strong Sidon set if the pairwise sums of its elements are far apart by a certain measure depending on $\alpha$, more specifically if $| (x+w) - (y+z) | \geq \max \{…

For a nontrivial measurable set on the real line, there are always exceptional points, where the lower and upper densities of the set are neither zero nor one. We quantify this statement, following work by V. Kolyada, and obtain the…

For any irreducible character $\chi$ of a finite group $G$, let $\theta(\chi)$ denote the proportion of elements $g\in G$ for which $\chi(g)$ is either zero or a root of unity. Then for any $L\in[1/2,1]$ and any $\epsilon>0$, there exists…

In a previous work, Bettin, Koukoulopoulos, and Sanna prove that if two sets of natural numbers $A$ and $B$ have natural density $1$, then their product set $A \cdot B := \{ab : a \in A, b \in B\}$ also has natural density $1$. They also…

Let $ B_{\ell}(n)$ denote the number of $\ell$-regular bipartitions of $n.$ In this article, we prove that $ B_{\ell}(n)$ is always almost divisible by $p_i^j$ if $p_i^{2a_i}\geq \ell,$ where $j$ is a fixed positive integer and…

Randomness is viewed through an analogy between a physical quantity, density of gas, and a mathematical construct -- probability density. Boltzmann's deduction of equilibrium distribution of ideal gas placed in an external potential field…

Let $\eta_i, i=1,..., n$ be iid Bernoulli random variables, taking values $\pm 1$ with probability 1/2. Given a multiset $V$ of $n$ elements $v_1, ..., v_n$ of an additive group $G$, we define the \emph{concentration probability} of $V$ as…

Purely multiplicative comparisons of quantum relative entropy are desirable but challenging to prove. We show such comparisons for relative entropies between comparable densities, including the relative entropy of a density with respect to…

Given $0<\alpha<1$, the Beatty sequence of density $\alpha$ is the sequence $B_{\alpha}=(\lfloor n/\alpha\rfloor)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$. Beatty's theorem states that if $\alpha,\beta$ are irrational numbers with $\alpha+\beta=1$, then the…

We prove that every partially ordered set on $n$ elements contains $k$ subsets $A_{1},A_{2},\dots,A_{k}$ such that either each of these subsets has size $\Omega(n/k^{5})$ and, for every $i<j$, every element in $A_{i}$ is less than or equal…

The law of large numbers for the empirical density for the pairs of uniformly distributed integers with a given greatest common divisor is a classic result in number theory. In this paper, we study the large deviations of the empirical…

We show that it is not true that every countable infinite strongly dense poset has the splitting property, so answering a question of R. Ahlswede, P.L. Erd\"os and N. Graham.

Gromov asked what a typical (finitely presented) group looks like, and he suggested a way to make the question precise in terms of limiting density. The typical finitely generated group is known to share some important properties with the…

In this paper, we investigate the combinatorial and density properties of infinite words generated by Fibonacci-type morphisms, focusing on their subword structure, palindrome density, and extremal statistical behaviors. Using the morphism…

For a given finitely generated multiplicative subgroup of the rationals which possibly contain negative numbers, we derive, subject to GRH, formulas for the densities of primes for which the index of the reduction group has a given value.…

Obtaining general relations between macroscopic properties of random assemblies, such as density, and the microscopic properties of their constituent particles, such as shape, is a foundational challenge in the study of amorphous materials.…

Let $\mathscr{F}=(F_n)$ be a sequence of nonempty finite subsets of $\omega$ such that $\lim_n |F_n|=\infty$ and define the ideal $$\mathcal{I}(\mathscr{F}):=\left\{A\subseteq \omega: |A\cap F_n|/|F_n|\to 0~\mbox{as}~n\to \infty \right\}.$$…

Let $ B_{\ell}(n)$ denote the number of $\ell-$regular bipartitions of $n.$ In 2013, Lin \cite{Lin2013} proved a density result for $B_4(n).$ He showed that for any positive integer $k,$ $B_4(n)$ is almost always divisible by $2^k.$ In this…