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Image sensors hold a pivotal role in society due to their ability to capture vast amounts of information. Traditionally, image sensors are opaque due to light absorption in both the pixels and the read-out electronics that are stacked on…

Efficient fiber-to-chip coupling has been a major hurdle to cost-effective packaging and scalable interconnections of photonic integrated circuits. Conventional photonic packaging methods relying on edge or grating coupling are constrained…

This paper presents a new FDTD-based optical simulation model dedicated to describe the optical performances of CMOS image sensors taking into account diffraction effects. Following market trend and industrialization constraints, CMOS image…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-17 Flavien Hirigoyen , Axel Crocherie , Jérôme Vaillant , Yvon Cazaux

Digital camera sensors utilize color filters on photodiodes to achieve color selectivity. As color filters and photosensitive silicon layers are separate elements, these sensors suffer from optical cross-talk, which sets limits to the…

Recent advances in photonic integration have propelled microwave photonic technologies to new heights. The ability to interface hybrid material platforms to enhance light-matter interactions has led to the developments of ultra-small and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-08 David Marpaung , Jianping Yao , Jose Capmany

To take advantage of high-resolution optics sensitive to a broad energy range, future X-ray imaging instruments will require thick detectors with small pixels. This pixel aspect ratio affects spectral response in the soft X-ray band, vital…

Thin film technology is a most relevant field in terms of number of different applications and, even more, in how widespread the use of the technology is. Virtually all optical devices involving light beams or with imaging capabilities…

Physics Education · Physics 2022-06-28 Salvador Bosch , Josep Ferré-Borrull , Jordi Sancho-Parramon

Interest in pupil-remapping interferometry, in which a single telescope pupil is fragmented and recombined using fiber optic technologies, has been growing among a number of groups. As a logical extrapolation from several highly successful…

In recent years, a great deal of emphasis has been placed on achieving the diffraction limit with large aperture telescopes. For a well matched focal-plane instrument, the diffraction limit provides the highest possible angular resolution…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. Bland-Hawthorn , A. Horton

Digital cameras and displays utilise picture elements (pixels) that perform a single function: detecting or emitting light intensity. To exploit the full information content of electromagnetic waves, more advanced elements are required.…

The inability to efficiently tune the optical properties of waveguiding structures has been one of the major hurdles for the future scalability of integrated photonic systems. In silicon photonics, although dynamic tuning has been achieved…

Optics · Physics 2017-10-10 You-Chia Chang , Samantha P. Roberts , Brian Stern , Michal Lipson

Image processing has become a critical technology in a variety of science and engineering disciplines. While most image processing is performed digitally, optical analog processing has the advantages of being low-power and high-speed though…

Optics · Physics 2019-09-06 You Zhou , Hanyu Zheng , Ivan I. Kravchenko , Jason Valentine

Electro-optics serves as the crucial bridge between electronics and photonics, unlocking a wide array of applications ranging from communications and computing to sensing and quantum information. Integrated electro-optics approaches in…

We introduce the concept of `hyperpixels' in which each element of a pixel filter array (suitable for CMOS image sensor integration) has a spectral transmission tailored to a target spectral component expected in application-specific…

Optical absorbers find uses in a wide array of applications across the electromagnetic spectrum, including photovoltaic and photochemical cells, photodetectors, optical filters, stealth technology, and thermal light sources. Recent efforts…

Optics · Physics 2017-02-01 Mikhail A. Kats , Federico Capasso

Conventional image sensors are only responsive to the intensity variation of the incoming light wave. By encoding the wavefront information into the balanced detection scheme, we demonstrate an image sensor pixel design that is capable to…

Optics · Physics 2013-04-30 Guoan Zheng

Spatial frequency filtering is a fundamental enabler of information processing methods in biological and technical imaging. Most filtering methods, however, require either bulky and expensive optical equipment or some degree of…

Low-light image enhancement task is essential yet challenging as it is ill-posed intrinsically. Previous arts mainly focus on the low-light images captured in the visible spectrum using pixel-wise loss, which limits the capacity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Shulin Tian , Yufei Wang , Renjie Wan , Wenhan Yang , Alex C. Kot , Bihan Wen

A spatial-frequency thin-film filter with inclusions of nanoparticles operating in the visible range of the spectrum is investigated. The effect of nanoparticles embedded in the central and lateral layers of the frustrated total internal…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-01 N. I. Petrov

High resolution image sensors require electrical access to each individual pixel for signal readout. Such access is especially challenging for ultra-miniaturized pixels, for heterogeneously integrated sensing and readout layers in…