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Limited radio frequency (RF) resources restrict the number of users that can participate in federated learning (FL) thus affecting FL convergence speed and performance. In this paper, we first introduce visible light communication (VLC) as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-08 Chuanhong Liu , Caili Guo , Yang Yang , Mingzhe Chen , H. Vincent Poor , Shuguang Cui

In classical federated learning, the clients contribute to the overall training by communicating local updates for the underlying model on their private data to a coordinating server. However, updating and communicating the entire model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Jianyu Wang , Hang Qi , Ankit Singh Rawat , Sashank Reddi , Sagar Waghmare , Felix X. Yu , Gauri Joshi

Federated learning (FL) and split learning (SL) are state-of-the-art distributed machine learning techniques to enable machine learning training without accessing raw data on clients or end devices. However, their \emph{comparative training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Yansong Gao , Minki Kim , Chandra Thapa , Sharif Abuadbba , Zhi Zhang , Seyit A. Camtepe , Hyoungshick Kim , Surya Nepal

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in understanding and generating human language, but efficient inference on resource-constrained embedded devices remains challenging due to large model sizes and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Weihong Xu , Haein Choi , Po-kai Hsu , Shimeng Yu , Tajana Rosing

The increasing virtualization of fifth generation (5G) networks expands the attack surface of the user plane, making spoofing a persistent threat to slice integrity and service reliability. This study presents a slice-aware lightweight…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Daniyal Ganiuly , Nurzhau Bolatbek

This paper deals with distributed policy optimization in reinforcement learning, which involves a central controller and a group of learners. In particular, two typical settings encountered in several applications are considered:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Tianyi Chen , Kaiqing Zhang , Georgios B. Giannakis , Tamer Başar

Collaborative clinical decision support is often constrained by governance and privacy rules that prevent pooling patient-level records across institutions. We present a hybrid privacy-preserving framework that combines Federated Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Farzana Akter , Rakib Hossain , Deb Kanna Roy Toushi , Mahmood Menon Khan , Sultana Amin , Lisan Al Amin

Split learning is a distributed training paradigm where a neural network is partitioned between clients and a server, which allows data to remain at the client while only intermediate activations are shared. Traditional split learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Anower Zihad , Felix Owino , Ming Tang , Chao Huang

We address distributed learning problems, both nonconvex and convex, over undirected networks. In particular, we design a novel algorithm based on the distributed Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) to address the challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Xiaoxing Ren , Nicola Bastianello , Karl H. Johansson , Thomas Parisini

The increasing deployment of agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems has intensified the demand for efficient agent to agent communication, particularly over bandwidth limited wireless links. In embodied AI applications, agents must…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Peiwen Jiang , Yushuo Feng , Jiajia Guo , Chao-Kai Wen , Shi Jin

Semantic communication represents a promising technique towards reducing communication costs, especially when dealing with image segmentation, but it still lacks a balance between computational efficiency and bandwidth requirements while…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ebrahim Abu-Helalah , Jordi Serra , Jordi Perez-Romero

The rapid evolution of forthcoming sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks necessitates the seamless integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with wireless communications to support emerging intelligent applications that demand both…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Wei Xu , Zhaohui Yang , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Robert Schober , H. Vincent Poor , Zhaoyang Zhang , Xiaohu You

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various artificial intelligence tasks. However, their enormous sizes and computational demands pose significant challenges for the deployment on edge devices. To address…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kai Zhang , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Rapid scaling of deep learning models has enabled performance gains across domains, yet it introduced several challenges. Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising framework to address these concerns by enabling decentralized…

A key functionality of emerging connected autonomous systems such as smart cities, smart transportation systems, and the industrial Internet-of-Things, is the ability to process and learn from data collected at different physical locations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Konstantinos Gatsis

This paper investigates a novel computation and communication co-design framework for large-scale split learning in intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted internet of things (IoT) networks integrated with digital twin (DT) technique.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-31 Jiaying Di , Kunlun Wang , Jing Xu , Wen Chen , Dusit Niyato

In this paper we introduce a task-oriented communication design for split learning (SL) over a communication channel. Our approach involves the Expressive Neural Network (ENN), a novel neural network featuring adaptive activation functions…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-28 Marc Martinez-Gost , Ana Pérez-Neira , Miguel Ángel Lagunas

When implementing hierarchical federated learning over wireless networks, scalability assurance and the ability to handle both interference and device data heterogeneity are crucial. This work introduces a learning method designed to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Seyed Mohammad Azimi-Abarghouyi , Viktoria Fodor

In the Internet-of-Things (IoT) era, efficient functionality integration is essential to address the growing demands of communication, computation, and sensing. Signal-level integrated sensing, computing, and communication (Sig-ISCC) is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Paul Zheng , Yao Zhu , Xiaopeng Yuan , Yulin Hu , Anke Schmeink

In this work, we propose Salient Sparse Federated Learning (SSFL), a streamlined approach for sparse federated learning with efficient communication. SSFL identifies a sparse subnetwork prior to training, leveraging parameter saliency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Riyasat Ohib , Bishal Thapaliya , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , Jingyu Liu , Vince Calhoun , Sergey Plis