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Transiting exoplanets provide access to data to study the mass-radius relation and internal structure of extrasolar planets. Long-period transiting planets allow insight into planetary environments similar to the Solar System where, in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Kaspar von Braun , Stephen R. Kane , Suvrath Mahadevan , Greg Laughlin , Andrew Howard , David R. Ciardi

This review is focused on describing the logic by which we make predictions of exoplanetary compositions and mineralogies, and how these processes could lead to compositional diversity among rocky exoplanets. We use these predictions to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-25 Claire Marie Guimond , Haiyang Wang , Fabian Seidler , Paolo Sossi , Aprajit Mahajan , Oliver Shorttle

Inferring the properties of exoplanets from their atmospheres, while confronting low resolution and low signal-to-noise in the context of the quantities we want to derive, poses rigorous demands upon the data collected from observation.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-27 Theresa Fisher , Hyunju Kim , Camerian Millsaps , Michael Line , Sara Imari Walker

Improved photometric sensitivity from space-based telescopes have enabled the detection of phase variations for a small sample of hot Jupiters. However, exoplanets in highly eccentric orbits present unique opportunities to study the effects…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Stephen R. Kane , Dawn M. Gelino

The planetary mass-radius diagram is an observational result of central importance to understand planet formation. We present an updated version of our planet formation model based on the core accretion paradigm which allows to calculate…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 C. Mordasini , Y. Alibert , W. Benz , H. Klahr

The two dominant features in the distribution of orbital parameters for close-in exoplanets are the prevalence of circular orbits for very short periods, and the observation that planets on closer orbits tend to be heavier. The first…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Frederic Pont , Nawal Husnoo , Tsevi Mazeh , Daniel Fabrycky

Massive and water-rich planets should be ubiquitous in the universe. Many of those worlds are expected to be subject to important irradiation from their host star, and display supercritical water layers surrounded by extended steam…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-18 Artyom Aguichine , Olivier Mousis , Magali Deleuil , Emmanuel Marcq

We present simulations of multi-year RV follow up campaigns of the {\it TESS} small exoplanet yield on the Automated Planet Finder telescope, using four different schemes to sample the transiting planets' RV phase curves. For planets below…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 Jennifer Burt , Bradford P. Holden , Angie Wolfgang , L. G. Bouma

The NASA Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman) will be the first survey able to detect large numbers of both cold and hot exoplanets across Galactic distances: $\sim$1,400 cold exoplanets via microlensing and $\sim$200,000 hot,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 Kathryn Edmondson , Eamonn Kerins

The distribution of exoplanet masses is not primordial. After the initial stage of planet formation is complete, the gravitational interactions between planets can lead to the physical collision of two planets, or the ejection of one or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-16 Daniel Carrera , Melvyn B. Davies , Anders Johansen

Estimating the marginal likelihoods is an essential feature of model selection in the Bayesian context. It is especially crucial to have good estimates when assessing the number of planets orbiting stars when the models explain the noisy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Mikko Tuomi , Hugh R. A. Jones

Knowledge of both the mass and radius of an exoplanet allows us to estimate its mean density, and therefore its composition. Exoplanets seem to fill a very large parameter space in terms of mass and composition, and unlike the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Ravit Helled , Morris Podolak , Eran Vos

The atmospheres of synchronously rotating exoplanets are intrinsically three-dimensional, and fast vertical and horizontal winds are expected to mix the atmosphere, driving the chemical composition out of equilibrium. Due to the longer…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-10 Robin Baeyens , Leen Decin , Ludmila Carone , Olivia Venot , Marcelino Agúndez , Paul Mollière

Planet-planet scattering is the leading mechanism to explain the large eccentricities of the observed exoplanet population. However, scattering has not been considered important to the production of pairs of planets in mean motion…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Sean N. Raymond , Rory Barnes , Philip J. Armitage , Noel Gorelick

We model the evolution of planets with various masses and compositions. We investigate the effects of the composition and its depth dependence on the long-term evolution of the planets. The effects of opacity and stellar irradiation are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 A. Vazan , A. Kovetz , M. Podolak , R. Helled

Sophisticated atmospheric retrieval algorithms, such as Nested Sampling, explore large parameter spaces by iterating over millions of radiative transfer (RT) calculations. Probability distribution functions for retrieved parameters are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-12 R. Garland , P. G. J. Irwin

We have investigated the information content in reflected-starlight spectra of exoplanets. We specify our analysis to Barnard's Star b candidate super-Earth, for which we assume a radius 0.6 times that of Neptune, an atmosphere dominated by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-02 Óscar Carrión-González , Antonio García Muñoz , Juan Cabrera , Szilárd Csizmadia , Nuno C. Santos , Heike Rauer

Planets and the stars they orbit are born from the same cloud of gas and dust, and the primordial compositions of rocky exoplanets have been assumed to have iron and refractory abundance ratios consistent with their host star. To test this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-16 Casey L. Brinkman , Alex S. Polanski , Daniel Huber , Lauren M. Weiss , Diana Valencia , Mykhaylo Plotnykov

Precise exoplanet characterization requires precise classification of exoplanet host stars. The masses of host stars are commonly estimated by comparing their spectra to those predicted by stellar evolution models. However,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Benjamin T. Montet , John Asher Johnson

Several planet formation models have been proposed to explain the gap in the population of planets between $1.8$ $R_\oplus$ to $2.0$ $R_\oplus$ known as the Radius Valley. To apply these models to confirmed exoplanets, accurate and precise…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-12 David Jordan , Inseok Song