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Related papers: Justice as a Social Bargain and Optimization Probl…

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Fair division is a significant, long-standing problem and is closely related to social and economic justice. The conventional division methods such as cut-and-choose are hardly applicable to realworld problems because of their complexity…

General Economics · Economics 2021-11-05 Ji-Won Park , Jaeup U. Kim , Cheol-Min Ghim , Chae Un Kim

Group fairness metrics are an established way of assessing the fairness of prediction-based decision-making systems. However, these metrics are still insufficiently linked to philosophical theories, and their moral meaning is often unclear.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Joachim Baumann , Corinna Hertweck , Michele Loi , Christoph Heitz

Models that explain the economical and political realities of nowadays societies should help all the world's citizens. Yet, the last four years showed that the current models are missing. Here we develop a dynamical society-deciders model…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-12-02 Ophir Flomenbom

I consider decision-making constrained by considerations of morality, rationality, or other virtues. The decision maker (DM) has a true preference over outcomes, but feels compelled to choose among outcomes that are top-ranked by some…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-03-17 Sarah Ridout

Inheritances, divorces or liquidations of companies require common assets to be divided among the entitled parties. Legal methods usually consider the market value of goods, while fair division theory takes into account the parties'…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Marco Dall'Aglio

How does one allocate a collection of resources to a set of strategic agents in a fair and efficient manner without using money? For in many scenarios it is not feasible to use money to compensate agents for otherwise unsatisfactory…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-10 Richard Cole , Vasilis Gkatzelis , Gagan Goel

Early studies of risk assessment algorithms used in criminal justice revealed widespread racial biases. In response, machine learning researchers have developed methods for fairness, many of which rely on equalizing empirical metrics across…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Rajiv Movva

A popular approach of achieving fairness in optimization problems is by constraining the solution space to "fair" solutions, which unfortunately typically reduces solution quality. In practice, the ultimate goal is often an aggregate of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Marcus Hutter

We study a participatory budgeting problem of aggregating the preferences of agents and dividing a budget over the projects. A budget division solution is a probability distribution over the projects. The main purpose of our study concerns…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Zhongzheng Tang , Chenhao Wang , Mengqi Zhang

Machine learning algorithms for prediction are increasingly being used in critical decisions affecting human lives. Various fairness formalizations, with no firm consensus yet, are employed to prevent such algorithms from systematically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Pratik Gajane , Mykola Pechenizkiy

The advent of powerful prediction algorithms led to increased automation of high-stake decisions regarding the allocation of scarce resources such as government spending and welfare support. This automation bears the risk of perpetuating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-07 Matthias Kuppler , Christoph Kern , Ruben L. Bach , Frauke Kreuter

Egalitarian considerations play a central role in many areas of social choice theory. Applications of egalitarian principles range from ensuring everyone gets an equal share of a cake when deciding how to divide it, to guaranteeing balance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Sirin Botan , Ronald de Haan , Marija Slavkovik , Zoi Terzopoulou

The evolution and maintenance of cooperation fascinated researchers for several decades. Recently, theoretical models and experimental evidence show that costly punishment may facilitate cooperation in human societies, but may not be used…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2010-11-16 Xinsheng Liu , Wanlin Guo

Resource allocation problems are a fundamental domain in which to evaluate the fairness properties of algorithms. The trade-offs between fairness and utilization have a long history in this domain. A recent line of work has considered…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Kate Donahue , Jon Kleinberg

Decades of scientific inquiry have sought to understand how evolution fosters cooperation, a concept seemingly at odds with the belief that evolution should produce rational, self-interested individuals. Most previous work has focused on…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-16 Mohammad Salahshour , Iain D. Couzin

The conflict between pro-self and pro-social behaviour is at the core of many key problems of our time, as, for example, the reduction of air pollution and the redistribution of scarce resources. For the well-being of our societies, it is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-07-15 Valerio Capraro , Glorianna Jagfeld , Rana Klein , Mathijs Mul , Iris van de Pol

Fairness in machine learning (ML) has become a rapidly growing area of research. But why, in the first place, is unfairness in ML wrong? And why should we care about improving fairness? Most fair-ML research implicitly appeals to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Youjin Kong

How can we build more just machine learning systems? To answer this question, we need to know both what justice is and how to tell whether one system is more or less just than another. That is, we need both a definition and a measure of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Alan Lundgard

Resource distribution is a fundamental problem in economic and policy design, particularly when demand and supply are not naturally aligned. Without regulation, wealthier individuals may monopolize this resource, leaving the needs of others…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-26 David Sychrovský , Jakub Černý , Martin Loebl

In standard fair division models, we assume that all agents are selfish. However, in many scenarios, division of resources has a direct impact on the whole group or even society. Therefore, we study fair allocations of indivisible items…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Argyris Deligkas , Eduard Eiben , Tiger-Lily Goldsmith , Dušan Knop , Šimon Schierreich