Related papers: Insertion in constructed normal numbers

Let K be a finite Galois extension of Q. The normal basis theorem provides an element of K whose conjugates form a Q-basis of K. Here we obtain such an element with controlled size. This improves a recent result by Fukshansky and Jeong. By…

We discuss the integer sequence transform $a \mapsto b$ where $b_n$ is the number of real roots of the polynomial $a_0 + a_1x + a_2x^2 + \cdots + a_nx^n$. It is shown that several sequences $a$ give the trivial sequence $b = (0,1,0,1,…

A positive integer $n$ is practical if every $m \leq n$ can be written as a sum of distinct divisors of $n$. One can generalize the concept of practical numbers by applying an arithmetic function $f$ to each of the divisors of $n$ and…

A Generalized Numeration Base is defined in this paper, and then particular cases are presented, such as Prime Base, Square Base, m-Power Base, Factorial Base, and operations in these bases. These bases are important for partitions of…

An integer of the form $T_x=\frac{x(x+1)}2$ for some positive integer $x$ is called a triangular number. A ternary triangular form $aT_{x}+bT_{y}+cT_{z}$ for positive integers $a,b$ and $c$ is called regular if it represents every positive…

A perfect number is a positive integer n such that n equals the sum of all positive integer divisors of n that are less than n. That is, although n is a divisor of n, n is excluded from this sum. Thus 6 = 1 + 2 + 3 is perfect, but 12 < 1 +…

Although the representation of the real numbers in terms of a base and a set of digits has a long history, new questions arise even in simple situations. This paper concerns binary radix systems, i.e., positional number systems with digits…

Borel's triangle is an array of integers closely related to the classical Catalan numbers. In this paper we study combinatorial statistics counted by Borel's triangle. We present various combinatorial interpretations of Borel's triangle in…

Many high dimensional integrals can be reduced to the problem of finding the relative measures of two sets. Often one set will be exponentially larger than the other, making it difficult to compare the sizes. A standard method of dealing…

We study the structural regularities and irregularities of the reals in inner models of set theory. Starting with $L$, G\"{o}del's constructible universe, our study of the reals is thus two-fold. On the one hand, we study how their…

Let $b \ge 2$ be an integer and $\xi$ an irrational real number. We prove that, if the irrationality exponent of $\xi$ is equal to $2$ or slightly greater than $2$, then the $b$-ary expansion of $\xi$ cannot be `too simple', in a suitable…

In 1949 Wall showed that $x = 0.d_1d_2d_3 \dots$ is normal if and only if $(0.d_nd_{n+1}d_{n+2} \dots)_n$ is a uniformly distributed sequence. In this article, we consider sequences which are slight variants on this. In particular, we show…

We define the concept of a regular object with respect to another object in an arbitrary category. We present basic properties of regular objects and we study this concept in the special cases of abelian categories and locally finitely…

For a real number $x$ and set of natural numbers $A$, define $x \ast A := \{ x a \bmod 1: a\in A\}\subseteq [0,1).$ We consider relationships between $x$, $A$, and the order-type of $x\ast A$. For example, for every irrational $x$ and…

Let $(X,\left\Vert \cdot \right\Vert )$ be a real normed space of dimension $N\in \mathbb{N}$ with a basis $(e_{i})_{1}^{N}$ such that the norm is invariant under coordinate permutations. Assume for simplicity that the basis constant is at…

Given the monomial ideal I=(x_1^{{\alpha}_1},...,x_{n}^{{\alpha}_{n}})\subset K[x_1,...,x_{n}] where {\alpha}_{i} are positive integers and K a field and let J be the integral closure of I . It is a challenging problem to translate the…

We present a sufficient condition for irreducibility of forcing algebras and study the (non)-reducedness phenomenon. Furthermore, we prove a criterion for normality for forcing algebras over a polynomial base ring with coefficients in a…

We prove that a real number a greater than or equal to 2 is the irrationality exponent of some computable real number if and only if a is the upper limit of a computable sequence of rational numbers. Thus, there are computable real numbers…

In the present article, real number representations, that are generalizations of classical positive and alternating representations of numbers, are introduced and investigated. The main metric relation, properties of cylinder sets are…

The set of prime numbers has been analyzed, based on their algebraic and arithmetical structure. Here by obtaining a sort of linear formula for the set of prime numbers, they are redefined and identified; under a systematic procedure it has…