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Representing the semantics of linguistic items in a machine-interpretable form has been a major goal of Natural Language Processing since its earliest days. Among the range of different linguistic items, words have attracted the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-04 José Camacho-Collados , Ignacio Iacobacci , Roberto Navigli , Mohammad Taher Pilehvar

Recently, the development of pre-trained language models has brought natural language processing (NLP) tasks to the new state-of-the-art. In this paper we explore the efficiency of various pre-trained language models. We pre-train a list of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Tong Guo

Pre-trained transformer models shine in many natural language processing tasks and therefore are expected to bear the representation of the input sentence or text meaning. These sentence-level embeddings are also important in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Lukas Stankevičius , Mantas Lukoševičius

A robot's ability to understand or ground natural language instructions is fundamentally tied to its knowledge about the surrounding world. We present an approach to grounding natural language utterances in the context of factual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Rohan Paul , Andrei Barbu , Sue Felshin , Boris Katz , Nicholas Roy

Transformer-based Neural Language Models achieve state-of-the-art performance on various natural language processing tasks. However, an open question is the extent to which these models rely on word-order/syntactic or word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Vasudevan Nedumpozhimana , John D. Kelleher

Language models excel in various tasks by making complex decisions, yet understanding the rationale behind these decisions remains a challenge. This paper investigates \emph{data-centric interpretability} in language models, focusing on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Yuqian Li , Yupei Du , Yufang Liu , Feifei Feng , Mou Xiao Feng , Yuanbin Wu

Knowledge-enhanced pre-trained models for language representation have been shown to be more effective in knowledge base construction tasks (i.e.,~relation extraction) than language models such as BERT. These knowledge-enhanced language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Jiacheng Li , Yannis Katsis , Tyler Baldwin , Ho-Cheol Kim , Andrew Bartko , Julian McAuley , Chun-Nan Hsu

Single implementing, concatenating, adding or replacing of the representations has yielded significant improvements on many NLP tasks. Mainly in Relation Extraction where static, contextualized and others representations that are capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Jefferson A. Peña Torres , Raul Ernesto Gutierrez , Victor A. Bucheli , Fabio A. Gonzalez O

A neural language model trained on a text corpus can be used to induce distributed representations of words, such that similar words end up with similar representations. If the corpus is multilingual, the same model can be used to learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-10 Johannes Bjerva , Robert Östling , Maria Han Veiga , Jörg Tiedemann , Isabelle Augenstein

Language Models (LMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in solving complex reasoning tasks, particularly when prompted to generate intermediate explanations. However, it remains an open question whether these intermediate reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Moritz Miller , Kumar Shridhar

Recently, pre-trained contextual models, such as BERT, have shown to perform well in language related tasks. We revisit the design decisions that govern the applicability of these models for the passage re-ranking task in open-domain…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Jurek Leonhardt , Fabian Beringer , Avishek Anand

This article proposes a biologically inspired neurocomputational architecture which learns associations between words and referents in different contexts, considering evidence collected from the literature of Psycholinguistics and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Hansenclever F. Bassani , Aluizio F. R. Araujo

Recent years have witnessed the burgeoning of pretrained language models (LMs) for text-based natural language (NL) understanding tasks. Such models are typically trained on free-form NL text, hence may not be suitable for tasks like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Pengcheng Yin , Graham Neubig , Wen-tau Yih , Sebastian Riedel

This paper presents a novel latent variable recurrent neural network architecture for jointly modeling sequences of words and (possibly latent) discourse relations between adjacent sentences. A recurrent neural network generates individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-06 Yangfeng Ji , Gholamreza Haffari , Jacob Eisenstein

The mathematical representation of semantics is a key issue for Natural Language Processing (NLP). A lot of research has been devoted to finding ways of representing the semantics of individual words in vector spaces. Distributional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-11-13 Karl Moritz Hermann

In English semantic similarity tasks, classic word embedding-based approaches explicitly model pairwise "interactions" between the word representations of a sentence pair. Transformer-based pretrained language models disregard this notion,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Yinan Zhang , Raphael Tang , Jimmy Lin

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit emergent behaviors suggestive of human-like reasoning. While recent work has identified structured conceptual representations within these models, it remains unclear whether they functionally rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ningyu Xu , Qi Zhang , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang

Language models have shown unprecedented capabilities, sparking debate over the source of their performance. Is it merely the outcome of learning syntactic patterns and surface level statistics, or do they extract semantics and a world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Adam Karvonen

Neural machine translation (MT) models obtain state-of-the-art performance while maintaining a simple, end-to-end architecture. However, little is known about what these models learn about source and target languages during the training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Yonatan Belinkov , Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi , Hassan Sajjad , James Glass

Translation into morphologically-rich languages challenges neural machine translation (NMT) models with extremely sparse vocabularies where atomic treatment of surface forms is unrealistic. This problem is typically addressed by either…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Duygu Ataman , Wilker Aziz , Alexandra Birch