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Giant stars, and especially C-rich giants, contribute significantly to the chemical enrichment of galaxies. The determination of precise parameters for these stars is a necessary prerequisite for a proper implementation of this evolutionary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 C. Paladini , G. T. van Belle , B. Aringer , J. Hron , P. Reegen , C. J. Davis , T. Lebzelter

The physical properties of Milky Way Mgii-bearing gas remain poorly constrained due to the saturation of the near-UV doublet. We utilize the weaker Mgii $\lambda\lambda$1239, 1240 doublet from 482 archival HST/COS extragalactic sightlines…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-28 Xiaochuan Jiang , Taotao Fang , Shulan Yan

We study the properties of cosmic-ray (CR) driven galactic winds from the warm interstellar medium using idealized spherically symmetric time-dependent simulations. The key ingredients in the model are radiative cooling and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-11 Shaunak Modak , Eliot Quataert , Yan-Fei Jiang , Todd A. Thompson

How cosmic rays sample the multi-phase interstellar medium (ISM) in starburst galaxies has important implications for many science goals, including evaluating the cosmic ray calorimeter model for these systems, predicting their neutrino…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-11-22 Erin Boettcher , Ellen G. Zweibel , Tova M. Yoast-Hull , J. S. Gallagher

Over the past decade, Lyman-alpha and metal line absorption observations have established the ubiquity of a gas-rich circumgalactic medium (CGM) around star-forming galaxies at z~0.2 potentially tracing half of the missing baryonic mass…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-19 D. J. Pisano , A. Fox , D. French , J. C. Howk , N. Lehner , F. J. Lockman , K. Jones

We perform the first measurement of the thermal and ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) across 0.9 < z < 1.5 using 301 \lya absorption lines fitted from 12 HST STIS quasar spectra, with a total pathlength of \Delta z=2.1. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-06 Teng Hu , Vikram Khaire , Joseph F. Hennawi , Todd M. Tripp , Jose Oñorbe , Michael Walther , Zarija Lukic

The presence of cold ($T \lesssim 10^4$ K) gas in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of galaxies has been confirmed both in observations and high-resolution simulations, but its origin still represents a puzzle. Possible mechanisms are cold…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-02-14 Davide Decataldo , Sijing Shen , Lucio Mayer , Bernhard Baumschlager , Piero Madau

The 12CO J=4-3 to J=13-12 lines of the interstellar medium from nearby galaxies, newly observable with the Herschel SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS), offer an opportunity to study warmer, more luminous molecular gas than that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 J. Kamenetzky , N. Rangwala , J. Glenn , P. R. Maloney , A. Conley

I review recent results from our deep ROSAT and Chandra observations of two galaxies, M101 and NGC 4631, in fields of exceptionally low Galactic extinction. Large amounts of X-ray-emitting gas are detected in these galaxies. Such gas is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Q. Daniel Wang

A set of diffuse interstellar clouds in the inner Galaxy within a few hundred pc of the Galactic plane has been observed at an angular resolution of ~1 arcmin combining data from the NRAO Green Bank Telescope and the Very Large Array. At…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 Yurii Pidopryhora , Felix J. Lockman , John M. Dickey , Michael P. Rupen

This paper deals with the heating and the ionization of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the 500 central pc of the Milky Way (hereafter Galactic center, GC). We review the results of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) observations of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 N. J. Rodriguez-Fernandez , J. Martin-Pintado

The pressures of giant HII regions in 6 dwarf Irregular galaxies are a factor of ~10 larger than the average pressures of the corresponding galaxy disks, obtained from the stellar and gaseous column densities. Either the visible HII regions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 B. G. Elmegreen , D. A. Hunter

We present a comparative analysis of interstellar hydrogen (HI) and potassium (KI) absorption from the radio and optical surveys, GASKAP and GALAH, to study the physical and kinematic properties of the cold interstellar medium (ISM) in the…

Analysis of interstellar absorption lines observed in high-resolution {\em HST} spectra of nearby stars provides temperatures, turbulent velocities, and kinetic properties of warm interstellar clouds. Previous studies identified 15 warm…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-08-31 Jeffrey L. Linsky , Seth Redfield , Diana Ryder , Adina Chasan-Taber

In the Milky Way, cosmic rays (CRs) are dynamically important in the interstellar medium, contribute to hydrostatic balance, and may help regulate star formation. However, we know far less about the importance of CRs in galaxies whose gas…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-01-27 Roland M. Crocker , Mark R. Krumholz , Todd A. Thompson

This work explores the mixing rate of metals in the interstellar medium (ISM), comparing observational constraints from our solar neighbourhood to high resolution cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of Milky Way (MW)-like galaxies. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-08-16 Jorge Sarrato-Alós , Christopher Brook , Arianna Di Cintio

We report new observations of circumgalactic gas in the halos of early type galaxies obtained by the COS-Halos Survey with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope. We find that detections of HI surrounding early…

The temperature of hot interstellar gas at large radii in elliptical galaxies can be lower than the mean galactic virial temperature. If so, a nonlinear cooling wave can form in the hot interstellar gas and propagate slowly toward the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 William G. Mathews

Recent discoveries of a super-virial hot phase of the Milky Way circumgalactic medium (CGM) has launched new questions regarding the multi-phase structure of the CGM around the Galaxy. We use 1.05 Ms of archival Chandra/HETG observations to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-11-15 Rebecca McClain , Smita Mathur , Sanskriti Das , Yair Krongold , Anjali Gupta

We present the Deciphering the Interplay between the Interstellar medium, Stars, and the Circumgalactic medium (DIISC) Survey. This survey is designed to investigate the correlations in properties between the circumgalactic medium (CGM),…