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The need of real-time of monitoring and alerting systems for Space Weather hazards has grown significantly in the last two decades. One of the most important challenge for space mission operations and planning is the prediction of solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-19 Mirko Stumpo , Monica Laurenza , Simone Benella , Maria Federica Marcucci

This study addresses the prediction of geomagnetic disturbances by exploiting machine learning techniques. Specifically, the Long-Short Term Memory recurrent neural network, which is particularly suited for application over long time…

The composition of ions plays a crucial role for the fundamental plasma properties in the terrestrial magnetosphere. We investigate the oxygen-to-hydrogen ratio in the near-Earth magnetosphere from -10 RE<XGSE}< 10 RE. The results are based…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Elena A. Kronberg , Stein E. Haaland , Patrick W. Daly , Elena E. Grigorenko , Lynn Kistler , Markus Fränz , Iannis Dandouras

Knowing the behavior of solar radiation at a geographic location is essential for the use of energy from the sun using photovoltaic systems; however, the number of stations for measuring meteorological parameters and for determining the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Luis Eduardo Ordoñez Palacios , Víctor Bucheli Guerrero , Hugo Ordoñez

To create early warning capabilities for upcoming Space Weather disturbances, we have selected a dataset of 61 emerging active regions, which allows us to identify characteristic features in the evolution of acoustic power density to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-25 Spiridon Kasapis , Irina N. Kitiashvili , Alexander G. Kosovichev , John T. Stefan , Bhairavi Apte

Microclimate models are essential for linking climate to ecological processes, yet most physically based frameworks estimate temperature independently for each spatial unit and rely on simplified representations of lateral heat exchange. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Idan Sulami , Alon Itzkovitch , Michael R. Kearney , Moni Shahar , Ofir Levy

The recovery of cosmic ray protons of energy ~150-250 MeV/nuc in solar cycle #23 from 2004 to 2010 has been followed at the Earth using IMP, ACE and balloon data and also at V2 between 74-92 AU and at V1 beyond the heliospheric termination…

Geophysics · Physics 2011-11-11 W. R. Webber , F. B. McDonald , P. R. Higbie , B. Heikkila

Solar Energetic Particle events (SEPs) are among the most dangerous transient phenomena of solar activity. As hazardous radiation, SEPs may affect the health of astronauts in outer space and adversely impact current and future space…

Emanating from the base of the Sun's corona, the solar wind fills the interplanetary medium with a magnetized stream of charged particles whose interaction with the Earth's magnetosphere has space-weather consequences such as geomagnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-11 Vishal Upendran , M. C. M Cheung , Shravan Hanasoge , Ganapathi Krishnamurthi

Measurements of the ARINA instrument on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite (altitude $\sim$ 600 km and inclination $\sim$ 70$^{o}$, since 2006 till 2016) and the VSPLESK instrument on board the International Space Station (altitude $\sim$ 400…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-01-02 S. Yu. Aleksandrin , A. M. Galper , S. V. Koldashov , M. A. Mayorova , T. R. Zharaspayev

Solar radio flux along with geomagnetic indices are important indicators of solar activity and its effects. Extreme solar events such as flares and geomagnetic storms can negatively affect the space environment including satellites in…

Solar flares are among the most powerful and dynamic events in the solar system, resulting from the sudden release of magnetic energy stored in the Sun's atmosphere. These energetic bursts of electromagnetic radiation can release up to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-07 Julia Bringewald

We present a set of neural network models that reproduce the dynamics of electron fluxes in the range of 50 keV $\sim$ 1 MeV in the outer radiation belt. The Outer Radiation belt Electron Neural net model for Medium energy…

The relationship between moderate and extremely high levels of geomagnetic activity, represented by the Kp index (2- to 5+ and 6- to 9), and solar wind conditions during southward IMF intervals was revealed utilizing a newly developed…

Space Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Ryozo Kitajima , Motoharu Nowada , Ryotaro Kamimura

The precipitation of charged particles from the magnetosphere into the ionosphere is one of the crucial coupling mechanisms between these two regions of geospace and is associated with multiple space weather effects, such as global…

The spatial distributions of different ion species are useful indicators for plasma sheet dynamics. In this statistical study based on 7 years of Cluster observations, we establish the spatial distributions of oxygen ions and protons at…

The lower solar atmosphere is an intrinsically multi-component and collisional environment with electron and proton collision frequencies in the range $10^{8}-10^{10}$ Hz, which may be considerably higher than the gyro-frequencies for both…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-04 J. Vranjes , P. S. Krstic

Solar energetic particles are mainly protons and originate from the Sun during solar flares or coronal shock waves. Forecasting the Solar Energetic Protons (SEP) flux is critical for several operational sectors, such as communication and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-19 Mohamed Nedal , Kamen Kozarev , Nestor Arsenov , Peijin Zhang

An accurate solar wind speed model is important for space weather predictions, catastrophic event warnings, and other issues concerning solar wind - magnetosphere interaction. In this work, we construct a model based on convolutional neural…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Rong Lin , Zhekai Luo , Jiansen He , Lun Xie , Chuanpeng Hou , Shuwei Chen

Predicting geomagnetic conditions based on in-situ solar wind observations allows us to evade disasters caused by large electromagnetic disturbances originating from the Sun to save lives and protect economic activity. In this study, we…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Ryozo Kitajima , Motoharu Nowada , Ryotaro Kamimura
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