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We combine conditional variational autoencoders (VAE) with adversarial censoring in order to learn invariant representations that are disentangled from nuisance/sensitive variations. In this method, an adversarial network attempts to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Ye Wang , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Deniz Erdogmus

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are one of the powerful unsupervised learning frameworks in NLP for latent representation learning and latent-directed generation. The classic optimization goal of VAEs is to maximize the Evidence Lower Bound…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Jianfei Zhang , Jun Bai , Chenghua Lin , Yanmeng Wang , Wenge Rong

The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a popular model for density estimation and representation learning. Canonically, the variational principle suggests to prefer an expressive inference model so that the variational approximation is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-10 Rui Shu , Hung H. Bui , Shengjia Zhao , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Stefano Ermon

We present a coupled Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) method that improves the accuracy and robustness of the probabilistic inferences on represented data. The new method models the dependency between input feature vectors (images) and weighs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shichen Cao , Jingjing Li , Kenric P. Nelson , Mark A. Kon

Deep speaker embedding has achieved state-of-the-art performance in speaker recognition. A potential problem of these embedded vectors (called `x-vectors') are not Gaussian, causing performance degradation with the famous PLDA back-end…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Yang Zhang , Lantian Li , Dong Wang

Autoencoders and their variations provide unsupervised models for learning low-dimensional representations for downstream tasks. Without proper regularization, autoencoder models are susceptible to the overfitting problem and the so-called…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Hanwei Wu , Markus Flierl

Unsupervised representation learning via generative modeling is a staple to many computer vision applications in the absence of labeled data. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are powerful generative models that learn representations useful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Riddhish Bhalodia , Iain Lee , Shireen Elhabian

Classical methods for model order selection often fail in scenarios with low SNR or few snapshots. Deep learning-based methods are promising alternatives for such challenging situations as they compensate lack of information in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-07 Michael Baur , Franz Weißer , Benedikt Böck , Wolfgang Utschick

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) combine latent variables with amortized variational inference, whose optimization usually converges into a trivial local optimum termed posterior collapse, especially in text modeling. By tracking the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Chen Wu , Prince Zizhuang Wang , William Yang Wang

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are well-established as a principled approach to probabilistic unsupervised learning with neural networks. Typically, an encoder network defines the parameters of a Gaussian distributed latent space from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Alan Jeffares , Liyuan Liu

Variational autoencoders (VAEs), as an important aspect of generative models, have received a lot of research interests and reached many successful applications. However, it is always a challenge to achieve the consistency between the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Xiaoyu Chen , Chen Gong , Qiang He , Xinwen Hou , Yu Liu

VAEs (Variational AutoEncoders) have proved to be powerful in the context of density modeling and have been used in a variety of contexts for creative purposes. In many settings, the data we model possesses continuous attributes that we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Gaëtan Hadjeres , Frank Nielsen , François Pachet

Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoders (VQ-VAEs) are fundamental to modern generative modeling, yet they often suffer from training instability and "codebook collapse" due to the inherent coupling of representation learning and discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Linwei Zhai , Han Ding , Mingzhi Lin , Cui Zhao , Fei Wang , Ge Wang , Wang Zhi , Wei Xi

Current state-of-the-art generative approaches frequently rely on a two-stage training procedure, where an autoencoder (often a VAE) first performs dimensionality reduction, followed by training a generative model on the learned latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-15 Gianluigi Silvestri , Luca Ambrogioni

Machine learning methods often need a large amount of labeled training data. Since the training data is assumed to be the ground truth, outliers can severely degrade learned representations and performance of trained models. Here we apply…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-24 Haleh Akrami , Anand A. Joshi , Jian Li , Sergul Aydore , Richard M. Leahy

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have become a cornerstone in generative modeling and representation learning within machine learning. This paper explores a nuanced aspect of VAEs, focusing on interpreting the Kullback-Leibler (KL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Mariano Rivera

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) rely on amortized variational inference to enable efficient posterior approximation, but this efficiency comes at the cost of a shared parametrization, giving rise to the amortization gap. We propose the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Andrea Pollastro , Andrea Apicella , Francesco Isgrò , Roberto Prevete

While the impact of variational inference (VI) on posterior inference in a fixed generative model is well-characterized, its role in regularizing a learned generative model when used in variational autoencoders (VAEs) is poorly understood.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Abhishek Kumar , Ben Poole

Vector-Quantized Variational Autoencoders (VQ-VAE)[1] provide an unsupervised model for learning discrete representations by combining vector quantization and autoencoders. In this paper, we study the use of VQ-VAE for representation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-05 Hanwei Wu , Markus Flierl

The variational autoencoder (VAE) typically employs a standard normal prior as a regularizer for the probabilistic latent encoder. However, the Gaussian tail often decays too quickly to effectively accommodate the encoded points, failing to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-05 Juno Kim , Jaehyuk Kwon , Mincheol Cho , Hyunjong Lee , Joong-Ho Won